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Les récits médiatiques et culturels qui circulent sur les événements météorologiques extrêmes (EME) ne sont pas représentatifs de l’ensemble des expériences de personnes sinistrées. Les groupes qui en subissent les conséquences les plus sévères tendent à être ceux que l’on « entend » le moins dans l’espace public. L’approche de recherche narrative permet de documenter une diversité d’expériences d’EME pour en tracer un panorama plus complet. Adoptant une approche narrative féministe, notre recherche a été menée auprès de femmes touchées par des inondations en Beauce. Des extraits d’entrevues semi-directives menées avec des femmes sinistrées offrent une illustration des conséquences psychosociales entrainées par les inondations. Les forces des participantes et certains défis rencontrés en lien avec leurs rôles dans la famille et la communauté sont aussi abordés. La méthode adoptée a permis de collecter des récits d’expérience riches et singuliers qui rendent plus tangibles les effets différenciés des EME. Tenir compte de cette diversité d’expériences favoriserait une prise en charge plus équitable des personnes sinistrées à court, moyen et long terme.

This book details the impact of flooding on our environment, and the ways in which communities, and those that work with them, can act to manage the associated risks. Flooding is an increasingly significant environmental hazard which inflicts major costs to the economies and livelihoods of developed countries. This book explores how local communities can identify, manage, and adapt to the ever-increasing damage flooding causes. Focusing on the future role of local communities, the benefits and c

Coastal areas are particularly vulnerable to flooding from heavy rainfall, sea storm surge, or a combination of the two. Recent studies project higher intensity and frequency of heavy rains, and progressive sea level rise continuing over the next decades. Pre-emptive and optimal flood defense policies that adaptively address climate change are needed. However, future climate projections have significant uncertainty due to multiple factors: (a) future CO2 emission scenarios; (b) uncertainties in climate modelling; (c) discount factor changes due to market fluctuations; (d) uncertain migration and population growth dynamics. Here, a methodology is proposed to identify the optimal design and timing of flood defense structures in which uncertainties in 21st century climate projections are explicitly considered probabilistically. A multi-objective optimization model is developed to minimize both the cost of the flood defence infrastructure system and the flooding hydraulic risk expressed by Expected Annual Damage (EAD). The decision variables of the multi-objective optimization problem are the size of defence system and the timing of implementation. The model accounts for the joint probability density functions of extreme rainfall, storm surge and sea level rise, as well as the damages, which are determined dynamically by the defence system state considering the probability and consequences of system failure, using a water depth–damage curve related to the land use (Corine Land Cover); water depth due to flooding are calculated by hydraulic model. A new dominant sorting genetic algorithm (NSGAII) is used to solve the multi-objective problem optimization. A case study is presented for the Pontina Plain (Lazio Italy), a coastal region, originally a swamp reclaimed about a hundred years ago, that is rich in urban centers and farms. A set of optimal adaptation policies, quantifying size and timing of flood defence constructions for different climate scenarios and belonging to the Pareto curve obtained by the NSGAII are identified for such a case study to mitigate the risk of flooding and to aid decision makers.

The water quality models used in contamination source identification (CSI) tools assume complete mixing at the junctions of drinking water distribution networks. Two extensions of the contamination status algorithm (CSA)—a CSI tool that employs water quality models in a reverse-time manner—were accordingly developed in this study, one assuming complete mixing (CSA-CMX) and the other assuming incomplete mixing (CSA-IMX) at cross-junctions. Both algorithms identified contamination sources based on the results of grab sampling at iteratively suggested locations. The performances of CSA-CMX and CSA-IMX were evaluated through laboratory experiments using three contamination identification problems: CSA-IMX identified the contamination source in all three problems, whereas CSA-CMX identified the contamination source in only one. Furthermore, the specificity (i.e., the ability to distinguish the real contamination source from other possible contamination sources) was higher for CSA-IMX than for CSA-CMX in two of the three problems. Therefore, the incomplete mixing assumption was confirmed to be a crucial factor in CSI tools.

Traditional stormwater control measures are designed to handle system loadings induced by fixed-size storm events. However, climate change is predicted to alter the frequency and intensity of flooding events, stimulating the need to explore another more adaptive flooding solution like real-time control (RTC). This study assesses the performance of RTC to mitigate impacts of climate change on urban flooding resilience. A simulated, yet realistic, urban drainage system in Salt Lake City, Utah, USA, shows that RTC improves the flooding resilience by up to 17% under climatic rainfall changes. Compared with green stormwater infrastructure (GSI), RTC exhibits a lower resistibility, lower flooding failure level, and higher recovery rate in system performance curves. Results articulate that keeping RTC's performance consistent under ‘back-to-back’ storms requires a tradeoff between upstream dynamical operation and downstream flooding functionality loss. This research suggests that RTC provides a path towards smart and resilient stormwater management strategy.

Combined sewer surcharges in densely urbanized areas have become more frequent due to the expansion of impervious surfaces and intensified precipitation caused by climate change. These surcharges can generate system overflows, causing urban flooding and pollution of urban areas. This paper presents a novel methodology to mitigate sewer system surcharges and control surface water. In this methodology, flow control devices and urban landscape retrofitting are proposed as strategies to reduce water inflow into the sewer network and manage excess water on the surface during extreme rainfall events. For this purpose, a 1D/2D dual drainage model was developed for two case studies located in Montreal, Canada. Applying the proposed methodology to these two sites led to a reduction of the volume of wastewater overflows by 100% and 86%, and a decrease in the number of surface overflows by 100% and 71%, respectively, at the two sites for a 100-year return period 3-h Chicago design rainfall. It also controlled the extent of flooding, reduced the volume of uncontrolled surface floods by 78% and 80% and decreased flooded areas by 68% and 42%, respectively, at the two sites for the same design rainfall.

In recent years, understanding and improving the perception of flood risk has become an important aspect of flood risk management and flood risk reduction policies. The aim of this study was to explore perceptions of flood risk in the Petite Nation River watershed, located in southern Quebec, Canada. A survey was conducted with 130 residents living on a floodplain in this river watershed, which had been affected by floods in the spring of 2017. Participants were asked about different aspects related to flood risk, such as the flood hazard experience, the physical changes occurring in the environment, climate change, information accessibility, flood risk governance, adaptation measures, and finally the perception of losses. An analysis of these factors provided perspectives for improving flood risk communication and increasing the public awareness of flood risk. The results indicated that the analyzed aspects are potentially important in terms of risk perception and showed that the flood risk perceptions varied for each aspect analyzed. In general, the information regarding flood risk management is available and generally understandable, and the level of confidence was good towards most authorities. However, the experiences of flood risk and the consequences of climate change on floods were not clear among the respondents. Regarding the adaptation measures, the majority of participants tended to consider non-structural adaptation measures as being more relevant than structural ones. Moreover, the long-term consequences of flooding on property values are of highest concern. These results provide a snapshot of citizens’ risk perceptions and their opinions on topics that are directly related to such risks.

In Canada, flooding is the most common and costly natural hazard. Flooding events significantly impact communities, damage infrastructures and threaten public security. Communication, as part of a flood risk management strategy, is an essential means of countering these threats. It is therefore important to develop new and innovative tools to communicate the flood risk with citizens. From this perspective, the use of story maps can be very effectively implemented for a broad audience, particularly to stakeholders. This paper details how an interactive web-based story map was set up to communicate current and future flood risks in the Petite-Nation River watershed, Quebec (Canada). This web technology application combines informative texts and interactive maps on current and future flood risks in the Petite-Nation River watershed. Flood risk and climate maps were generated using the GARI tool, implemented using a geographic information system (GIS) supported by ArcGIS Online (Esri). Three climate change scenarios developed by the Hydroclimatic Atlas of Southern Quebec were used to visualize potential future impacts. This study concluded that our story map is an efficient flood hazard communication tool. The assets of this interactive web mapping tool are numerous, namely user-friendly mapping, use and interaction, and customizable displays.

This paper presents a new framework for floodplain inundation modeling in an ungauged basin using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) imagery. This method is based on the integrated analysis of high-resolution ortho-images and elevation data produced by the structure from motion (SfM) technology. To this end, the Flood-Level Marks (FLMs) were created from high-resolution UAV ortho-images and compared to the flood inundated areas simulated using the HEC-RAS hydraulic model. The flood quantiles for 25, 50, 100, and 200 return periods were then estimated by synthetic hydrographs using the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). The proposed method was applied to UAV image data collected from the Khosban village, in Taleghan County, Iran, in the ungauged sub-basin of the Khosban River. The study area is located along one kilometre of the river in the middle of the village. The results showed that the flood inundation areas modeled by the HEC-RAS were 33%, 19%, and 8% less than those estimated from the UAV’s FLMs for 25, 50, and 100 years return periods, respectively. For return periods of 200 years, this difference was overestimated by more than 6%, compared to the UAV’s FLM. The maximum flood depth in our four proposed scenarios of hydraulic models varied between 2.33 to 2.83 meters. These analyses showed that this method, based on the UAV imagery, is well suited to improve the hydraulic modeling for seasonal inundation in ungauged rivers, thus providing reliable support to flood mitigation strategies

Geohazards associated with the dynamics of the liquid and solid water of the Earth’s hydrosphere, such as floods and glacial processes, may pose significant risks to populations, activities and properties [...]

Floods are the most common natural hazard worldwide. GARI is a flood risk management and analysis tool that is being developed by the Environmental and Nordic Remote Sensing Group (TENOR) of INRS in Quebec City (Canada). Beyond mapping the flooded areas and water levels, GARI allows for the estimation, analysis and visualization of flood risks for individuals, residential buildings, and population. Information can therefore be used during the different phases of flood risk management. In the operational phase, GARI can use satellite radar images to map in near real-time the flooded areas and water levels. It uses an innovative approach that combines Radarsat-2 and hydraulic data, specifically flood return period data. Information from the GARI enable municipalities and individuals to anticipate the impacts of a flood in a given area, to mitigate these impacts, to prepare, and to better coordinate their actions during a flood.

Floods can be caused by heavy rainfall and the consequent overflow of rivers, causing low-lying areas to be affected. Populated regions close to riverbeds are the sectors most affected by these disasters, which requires modelling studies to generate different scenarios. The work focuses on the bibliometric analysis of the search for topics such as flood modelling focused on the research, risk, and assessment of these catastrophes, aiming to determine new trends and tools for their application in the prevention of these natural disasters. The methodology consists of: (i) search criteria and database selection, (ii) pre-processing of the selected data and software, and (iii) analysis and interpretation of the results. The results show a wide range of studies for dimensional analysis in different flood scenarios, which greatly benefit the development of flood prevention and risk strategies. In addition, this work provides insight into the different types of software and modelling for flood analysis and simulation and the various trends and applications for future modelling.

Les inondations de 2017 et 2019 au Québec ont affecté respectivement 293 et 240 municipalités. Ces inondations ont généré une cascade d’évènements stressants (stresseurs primaires et secondaires) qui ont eu des effets sur la santé mentale de la population et retardé le processus de rétablissement des individus. Cette période de rétablissement peut s’échelonner sur plusieurs mois voire plusieurs années. Cette étude s’inscrit dans la spécificité de la recherche mixte mise de l’avant à travers trois stratégies de recherche, réalisées de façon séquentielle : 1) sondage populationnelle réalisé auprès de 680 personnes, 2) analyse de documents produits par les organisations participant au processus de rétablissement social des sinistrés, ou sur des analyses externes portant sur ces interventions de rétablissement et 3) entrevues semi-dirigées auprès de 15 propriétaires occupants ayant complété une demande d’indemnisation à la suite des inondations de 2019 et auprès de 11 professionnels et gestionnaires participant au processus de rétablissement social. Les entrevues semi-dirigées et les questionnaires complétés par les personnes sinistrées lors des inondations de 2019 démontrent que les principales sources de stress ayant des impacts sur la santé et le bien-être des répondants sont : 1) l’absence d’avertissement et la vitesse de la montée des eaux; 2) l’obligation de se relocaliser et la peur d’être victime de pillage; 3) le manque de solidarité et d’empathie de la part de certains employés du MSP; 4) la gestion des conflits familiaux; 5) la gestion de problèmes de santé nouveaux ou préexistants; 6) la complexité des demandes d’indemnisation; 7) la lourdeur et les délais des travaux de nettoyage ou de restauration; 8) les indemnités inférieures aux coûts engendrés par l’inondation; 9) les pertes matérielles subies, particulièrement ceux d’une valeur de plus de 50 000 $; et 10) la diminution anticipée de la valeur de sa résidence. À cela s’ajoute l’insatisfaction à l’égard du programme d’indemnisation du gouvernement du Québec (PGIAF) qui fait plus que doubler la prévalence des symptômes de stress post-traumatique. Les inondations entraînent également une perte de satisfaction ou de bien-être statistiquement significative. La valeur monétaire de cette perte de jouissance peut être exprimée en équivalent salaires. En moyenne, cette diminution du bien-être équivaut à une baisse de salaire de 60 000$ pour les individus ayant vécu une première inondation et à 100 000$ pour les individus ayant vécu de multiples inondations. Ces résultats suggèrent que les coûts indirects et intangibles représentent une part importante des dommages découlant des inondations. Ce projet de recherche vise également à analyser l’application du PGIAF et son influence sur les stresseurs vécus par les sinistrés dans le contexte de la pandémie de COVID-19. La principale recommandation de cette étude repose sur une analyse de documents, un sondage populationnel et des entrevues semi-dirigées. Ainsi, s’attaquer à la réduction de principaux stresseurs nécessite 1) d’améliorer la gouvernance du risque d’inondation, 2) d’intensifier la communication et le support aux sinistrés, et 3) de revoir les mécanismes d’indemnisation existants.

Abstract Measuring freshwater submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) biomass at large spatial scales is challenging, and no single technique can cost effectively accomplish this while maintaining accuracy. We propose to combine and intercalibrate accurate quadrat‐scuba diver technique, fast rake sampling, and large‐scale echosounding. We found that the overall relationship between quadrat and rake biomass is moderately strong (pseudo R 2  = 0.61) and varies with substrate type and SAV growth form. Rake biomass was also successfully estimated from biovolume (pseudo R 2  = 0.57), a biomass proxy derived from echosounding. In addition, the relationship was affected, in decreasing relevance, by SAV growth form, flow velocity, acoustic data quality, depth, and wind conditions. Sequential application of calibrations yielded predictions in agreement with quadrat observations, but echosounding predictions underestimated biomass in shallow areas (< 1 m) while outperforming point estimation in deep areas (> 3 m). Whole‐system quadrat‐equivalent biomass from echosounding differed by a factor of two from point survey estimates, suggesting echosounding is more accurate at larger scales owing to the increased sample size and better representation of spatial heterogeneity. To decide when an individual or a combination of techniques is profitable, we developed a step‐by‐step guideline. Given the risks of quadrat‐scuba diver technique, we recommend developing a one‐time quadrat–rake calibration, followed by the use of rake and echosounding when sampling at larger spatial and temporal scales. In this case, rake sampling becomes a valid ground truthing method for echosounding, also providing valuable species information and estimates in shallow waters where echosounding is inappropriate.

Résumé L'hydrogéomorphologie étudie la dynamique des rivières en se concentrant sur les interactions liant la structure des écoulements, la mobilisation et le transport des sédiments et les morphologies qui caractérisent les cours d'eau et leur bassin‐versant. Elle offre un cadre d'analyse et des outils pour une meilleure intégration des connaissances sur la dynamique des rivières pour la gestion des cours d'eau au sens large, et plus spécifiquement, pour leur restauration, leur aménagement et pour l'évaluation et la prévention des risques liés aux aléas fluviaux. Au Québec, l'hydrogéomorphologie émerge comme contribution significative dans les approches de gestion et d'évaluation du risque et se trouve au cœur d'un changement de paradigme dans la gestion des cours d'eau par lequel la restauration des processus vise à augmenter la résilience des systèmes et des sociétés et à améliorer la qualité des environnements fluviaux. Cette contribution expose la trajectoire de l'hydrogéomorphologie au Québec à partir des publications scientifiques de géographes du Québec et discute des visées de la discipline en recherche et en intégration des connaissances pour la gestion des cours d'eau . , Abstract Hydrogeomorphology studies river dynamics, focusing on the interactions between flow structure, sediment transport, and the morphologies that characterize rivers and their watersheds. It provides an analytical framework and tools for better integrating knowledge of river dynamics into river management in the broadest sense, and more specifically, into river restoration as well as into the assessment and prevention of risks associated with fluvial hazards. In Quebec, hydrogeomorphology is emerging as a significant contribution to risk assessment and management approaches, and is at the heart of a paradigm shift in river management whereby process restoration aims to increase the resilience of fluvial systems and societies, and improve the quality of fluvial environments. This contribution outlines the trajectory of hydrogeomorphology in Quebec, based on scientific publications by Quebec geographers, and discusses the discipline's aims in research and knowledge integration for river management . , Messages clés Les géographes du Québec ont contribué fortement au développement des connaissances et outils de l'hydrogéomorphologie. L'hydrogéomorphologie a évolué d'une science fondamentale à une science où les connaissances fondamentales sont au service de la gestion des cours d'eau. L'hydrogéomorphologie et le cortège de connaissances et d'outils qu'elle promeut font de cette discipline une partenaire clé pour une gestion holistique des cours d'eau.

Abstract Integrating hydrogeomorphological (HGM) principles into the restoration of degraded rivers can achieve sustainable results and provide various human benefits. HGM principles mainly involve understanding the context and processes that shape a fluvial system before any intervention, in order to support its dynamism and to align with its potential functioning and uses. Despite recent management approaches inspired by HGM principles, most restoration projects carried out in Quebec (Canada) are not process‐based and target specific one‐dimensional objectives. Although there is an overall lack of post‐project monitoring, several projects appear to have failed or had mixed success. This research aims to shed light on the diversity of societal drivers behind river restoration projects and to examine how they influence the integration of HGM principles and human benefits. Four restoration projects were characterized through participant observation and interviews with the organizations running them. Representatives of two ministries involved in river restoration and management were also interviewed. The results show that projects were mainly shaped by public acceptance disregarding HGM principles, which can lead to poorly‐informed action. Project funding and stakeholders' expertise have also challenged project implementation and played a key role in defining their objectives. The addition of these components improve the current analytical frameworks for identifying river restoration objectives. Depending on specific sociocultural, political and legislative contexts, funding programs and stakeholders' expertise may either facilitate or restrict the integration of HGM principles and human benefits in the projects. Recognizing these key drivers reframes river restoration as a fundamentally social activity and enlightens how they could impel innovative approaches towards more sustainable results.

Objectifs  Malgré l’existence de plusieurs traitements en ligne pour les personnes avec un trouble de stress posttraumatique (TSPT), peu d’études se sont penchées sur les données d’utilisation d’une telle intervention. Étant donné le potentiel de la modalité en ligne à pallier les obstacles limitant l’accès à l’aide psychologique, il importe de documenter les interactions des usagers avec ces outils en lien avec l’amélioration des symptômes ciblés. L’objectif de cette étude est de documenter les données d’utilisation de la plateforme de traitement en ligne RESILIENT par les personnes évacuées des feux de Fort McMurray, Alberta (Canada), et d’examiner leur association avec l’efficacité du traitement sur les symptômes de trouble de stress posttraumatique (TSPT), d’insomnie et de dépression, et l’adhésion au traitement, mesurée par le nombre de modules consultés par les participants. Méthode  Quatre-vingt-dix-sept personnes évacuées des feux de Fort McMurray présentant des symptômes de TSPT, d’insomnie et de dépression sont incluses dans la présente étude. Les participants étaient invités à utiliser la plateforme RESILIENT, un autotraitement en ligne guidé par un thérapeute qui cible les symptômes de TSPT, le sommeil et l’humeur, et comprend 12 modules offrant des stratégies de thérapies cognitives et comportementales (TCC) basées sur les données probantes. Des données d’utilisation objectives (p. ex. nombre de modules consultés) et subjectives (p. ex. niveau d’efforts investis) ont été recueillies. Résultats  Afin de prédire la réduction des symptômes de TSPT, de dépression et d’insomnie, ainsi que le nombre de modules consultés par les participants, des modèles de régressions séquentielles ont été effectués, avec un contrôle statistique pour les symptômes prétraitement, l’âge et le genre. Les modèles finaux ont révélé qu’une réduction des symptômes de TSPT, de dépression et d’insomnie était prédite significativement par le nombre de modules consultés (β = - 0,41 ; - 0,53 ; - 0,49 respectivement, tous p < 0,001) ainsi que par le niveau d’efforts moyen autorapporté au module 7 (mi-parcours) (β = - 0,43 ; p < 0,001 ; β = - 0,38 ; p = 0,005 et β = - 0,36 ; p = 0,007 respectivement). Le nombre de modules consultés, par ailleurs, était prédit significativement par le nombre de mots dans le 4 e  module (β = 0,34 ; p < 0,001) et dans le 7 e  module (β = 0,44 ; p < 0,001), ainsi que par le nombre d’entrées dans le journal du sommeil (β = 0,28 ; p < 0,001). Conclusion  Les résultats ont confirmé qu’une plus grande interaction avec la plateforme influence positivement l’efficacité du traitement et qu’une utilisation accrue en début de traitement semble être un bon prédicteur de l’achèvement de celui-ci. Cette étude confirme l’importance de soutenir l’engagement des participants envers le traitement en ligne afin d’optimiser son efficacité. , Objectives Despite the existence of several online treatments for people with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), few studies have examined usage data for such interventions. Given the potential of the online modality to alleviate barriers limiting access to psychological help, it is important to document users’ interactions with these tools in relation to the improvement of targeted symptoms. The objective of this study is to document usage data of the online treatment platform RESILIENT by people evacuated from the Fort McMurray, Alberta (Canada) fires, and to examine their association with the effectiveness of treatment on symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), insomnia and depression, and adherence to treatment, as measured by the number of modules accessed by participants. Methods Ninety-seven people evacuated from the Fort McMurray fires with symptoms of PTSD, insomnia and depression were included in this study. Participants were invited to use the RESILIENT platform, an online therapist-assisted self-help treatment program that targets PTSD symptoms, sleep and mood, and includes 12 modules offering evidence-based cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) strategies. Both objective (e.g., number of modules accessed) and subjective (e.g., level of effort invested) usage data were collected. Results In order to predict the reduction in PTSD, depression and insomnia symptoms, as well as the number of modules accessed by participants, sequential regression models were conducted, with statistical control for pretreatment symptoms, age and gender. The final models revealed that a reduction in PTSD, depression and insomnia symptoms was significantly predicted by the number of modules accessed (β = -.41; -.53; -.49 respectively, all p <.001) as well as the mean self-reported level of effort at module 7 (midway) (β = -.43; p <.001; β = -.38; p  = .005 and β = -.36; p = .007 respectively). The number of modules accessed, on the other hand, was significantly predicted by the number of words in the 4th module (β = .34; p <.001) and 7th module (β = .44; p <.001) and the number of sleep diary entries (β = .28; p <.001). Conclusion These results confirmed that increased interaction with the platform positively influences treatment effectiveness and that increased use at the beginning of treatment appears to be a good predictor of treatment completion. This study confirms the importance of sustaining participants’ commitment to online treatment in order to optimize its effectiveness.

Dam spillways are susceptible to a range of engineering challenges including structural deficiencies, insufficient discharge capacity, and mechanical failures; however, a particularly significant issue is hydraulic erosion, which poses a significant threat to dam infrastructure. This necessitates a comprehensive assessment of both hydraulic and rock mechanical parameters to ensure structural integrity and operational resilience. In the rock mechanical aspect of hydraulic erosion, the resistive capacity of the material holds great importance, while in the hydraulic aspect, the erosive force of water plays a pivotal role. Hence, neglecting these incidents would increase the risk of overtopping and subsequent downstream flooding, thereby impacting the overall safety and operational reliability of the dam. This study focuses on investigating the hydraulic parameters of a smooth surface unlined open channel spillway. By utilizing both numerical modeling and experimental analysis, we aim to explore how variations in these parameters impact erosion in dams’ spillways. The research centers on the Romaine 4 dam spillway, situated in the northeastern region of Quebec in Canada as a representative case study. The physical model of this spillway was constructed at the Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, where we carried out the experimental analyses. In this research, we also conducted a comprehensive numerical analysis using Finite Volume Method (FVM), enabling a detailed examination of three-dimensional flow behavior within the spillway. This enabled a precise monitoring of the fluid motion patterns. Moreover, an experimental approach was utilized to enhance the accuracy and reliability of the results. This involved conducting detailed tests on the reduced-scale model using a XYZ robotic system capable of movement in X,Y,Z directions and capturing position, velocity and pressure. The results of numerical and experimental analyses reveal that the numerical model effectively captures the overall flow characteristics, closely predicting the average velocity throughout the channel. However, it indicates limitations in accurately predicting extreme velocities, such as maximum and minimum values. The results show that the maximum discrepancies between experimental and numerical data primarily concern extreme velocities, with the numerical model underestimating maximum velocities and overestimating minimum velocities, with errors more pronounced at higher flow rates and upstream. This discrepancy can reach up to 60% in certain areas. Furthermore, the study examined the effects of gates on variability of hydraulic parameters like flow depth and velocity. The analysis of a number of gate configurations revealed that double-gate spillways maintain more consistent flow depths across all significant cross-sections. By explaining the complex interaction between hydraulic behavior and spillway design, this research attempts to advance our understanding of hydraulic-prone erosion areas in dam spillways and ensure the long-term resilience of dam infrastructure. Les évacuateurs de crues des barrages sont sujets à divers défis d'ingénierie, incluant des défaillances structurelles, une capacité d'évacuation insuffisante et des pannes mécaniques; cependant, l'érosion hydraulique constitue une problématique particulièrement importante qui menace l'infrastructure des barrages. Il est donc nécessaire d’évaluer de manière approfondie les paramètres hydrauliques et mécaniques des roches afin d’assurer l’intégrité structurelle et la résilience opérationnelle. Dans l’aspect mécanique des roches concernant l’érosion hydraulique, la capacité de résistance du matériau revêt une grande importance, tandis que dans l’aspect hydraulique, la force érosive de l’eau joue un rôle essentiel. Par conséquent, ignorer ces phénomènes augmenterait le risque de débordement et d’inondation en aval, impactant ainsi la sécurité et la fiabilité opérationnelle globale du barrage. Cette étude se concentre sur l’analyse des paramètres hydrauliques d'un évacuateur de crues à canal ouvert non revêtu et à surface lisse. En utilisant à la fois la modélisation numérique et l’analyse expérimentale, nous visons à explorer comment les variations de ces paramètres influencent l’érosion dans les évacuateurs de crues des barrages. La recherche porte sur l’évacuateur de crues du barrage Romaine 4, situé dans la région nord-est du Québec au Canada, en tant qu’étude de cas représentative. Le modèle physique de cet évacuateur a été construit à l’Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, où nous avons effectué les analyses expérimentales. Dans cette recherche, nous avons également réalisé une analyse numérique complète en utilisant la méthode des volumes finis (FVM), permettant un examen détaillé du comportement tridimensionnel de l’écoulement dans l’évacuateur. Cela a permis un suivi précis des schémas de mouvement du fluide. En outre, une approche expérimentale a été utilisée pour accroître la précision et la fiabilité des résultats, en réalisant des tests détaillés sur le modèle réduit à l’aide d’un système robotisé XYZ qui est capable de se déplacer dans trois directions (X, Y, Z), pour effectuer des prises de mesures de position, vitesse et pression. Les résultats des analyses numériques et expérimentales révèlent que le modèle numérique capture efficacement les caractéristiques générales de l’écoulement, prédisant de manière précise la vitesse moyenne dans le canal. Cependant, il présente des limitations dans la prédiction précise des pression dynamique et statique extrêmes comme les valeurs maximales et minimales. Les résultats montrent que les écarts maximaux entre les données expérimentales et numériques concernent principalement les vitesses extrêmes, le modèle numérique sous-estimant les vitesses maximales et surestimant les minimales, avec des erreurs plus marquées aux débits élevés et en amont. Cet écart peut aller jusqu’aux 60% à certains endroits. Par ailleurs, l’étude a examiné les effets des vannes sur la variabilité des paramètres hydrauliques tels que la profondeur de l’écoulement et la vitesse. L’analyse de plusieurs configurations de vannes a révélé que les évacuateurs à double vanne maintiennent des profondeurs d’écoulement plus constantes à travers toutes les sections transversales significatives. En expliquant l’interaction complexe entre le comportement hydraulique et la conception des évacuateurs de crues, cette recherche vise à améliorer notre compréhension des zones sujettes à l’érosion hydraulique dans les évacuateurs de barrages et à assurer la résilience à long terme de l’infrastructure des barrages.