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Abstract Objective Despite Canada being an important energy producer, not all Canadians can access or afford adequate levels of energy services at home to meet their needs, maintain healthy indoor temperatures, and live a decent life—a situation known as energy poverty. Depending on the measure, 6–19% of Canadian households face energy poverty. Health risks associated with energy poverty are documented in countries with milder climates. This study explores, for the first time in the Canadian context, the association between energy poverty and health. Methods Cross-sectional data are from the 2018 Canadian Housing Survey. Analyses are conducted on a sample weighted to represent 14 million Canadian households. The associations between expenditure-based and self-reported measures of energy poverty and self-rated general and mental health were assessed using logistic regression models, adjusted for potential confounding variables. Results The odds of rating one’s general (OR: 1.48; 95%CI: 1.29, 1.70) and mental (OR: 1.21; 1.04, 1.41) health as poor are significantly higher for Canadian adults in households with a high share of energy expenditure to income. The likelihood of poor general and mental health was significantly higher for those dissatisfied with the energy efficiency of their dwelling, and with their ability to maintain a comfortable temperature both in the winter and in the summer. Conclusion Exposure to energy poverty is associated with significantly increased likelihood of poor general and mental health. Given the high proportion of Canadian households facing energy poverty, with demonstrated implications for population health, tackling energy poverty is essential for an equitable energy transition and for climate resilience. , Résumé Objectif Bien que le Canada soit un important producteur d’énergie, entre 6 % et 19 % des ménages canadiens, selon la mesure retenue, sont en précarité énergétique, une situation qui survient lorsqu’un ménage n’a pas les moyens ou l’accès à des services énergétiques résidentiels adéquats pour maintenir une température ambiante confortable, répondre à ses besoins et vivre dans la dignité. Les risques socio-sanitaires associés à la précarité énergétique sont documentés dans des pays au climat tempéré. Cette étude explore, pour la première fois dans le contexte canadien, l’association entre la précarité énergétique et la santé. Méthodes Les données transversales proviennent de l’Enquête canadienne sur le logement de 2018. Les associations entre différentes mesures de précarité énergétique (mesures basées sur les dépenses des ménages et auto-rapportées) et la santé générale et mentale perçue sont estimées à l’aide de modèles de régression logistique ajustés pour des variables de confusion potentielles. Les analyses sont réalisées sur un échantillon pondéré pour représenter 14 millions de ménages. Résultats Les probabilités de déclarer une mauvaise santé générale (OR : 1,48; IC95% : 1,29-1,70) et mentale (OR : 1,21; 1,04-1,41) sont significativement plus élevées pour les adultes canadiens dont le ménage consacre une part importante de son revenu aux coûts énergétiques. Elles sont aussi significativement plus élevées pour ceux qui déclarent être insatisfaits avec l’efficacité énergétique de leur logement et de leur capacité à maintenir une température confortable en hiver et en été. Conclusion Vivre en situation de précarité énergétique est associée à des probabilités accrues de déclarer une mauvaise santé générale et mentale chez les adultes canadiens. En raison de la proportion élevée de ménages canadiens confrontés à la précarité énergétique et des effets socio-sanitaires que cette situation engendre, lutter contre la précarité énergétique est essentiel pour une transition énergétique équitable et pour la résilience climatique.

La notion d’acceptabilité sociale est devenue incontournable dans plusieurs secteurs de l’action publique. Au coeur des grands projets d’aménagement et d’urbanisme, énergétiques, d’extraction des ressources, ou qui concernent l’environnement en général, cette nouvelle norme publique apparaît comme un traceur de changements importants en matière de décision tant sur le plan substantif que processuel. Comment comprendre cette notion ? Comment l’étudier et quelle trajectoire a-t-elle connu au Québec ? Dans cet article nous proposons dans un premier temps un cadre théorique pour étudier cet objet : l’approche par les instruments d’action publique, en la considérant comme un instrument de type normatif visant à favoriser la coordination, la coopération et la prévisibilité dans un environnement complexe, par la recherche d’un ajustement négocié sur des bases scientifiques et politiques. Nous présentons ensuite les principales composantes pour bien définir l’acceptabilité sociale. Enfin nous proposons d’étudier la trajectoire de cette norme sur plus de 40 ans au Québec à travers l’étude des rapports du Bureau d’audiences publiques sur l’environnement, le Chantier sur l’acceptabilité sociale (2014-2015) et deux jugements des tribunaux (Cour supérieure du Québec en 2017 et Cour d’appel du Québec en 2020). Nous constatons une montée en importance de l’acceptabilité sociale au cours des décennies, pour devenir le critère ultime de décision en plus de s’institutionnaliser jusqu’à être confirmée dans sa portée juridique et pouvant apparaître comme le chaînon manquant entre démocratie participative et démocratie représentative. , The notion of social acceptability has become unavoidable in many areas of public policy. At the heart of major planning and urban planning projects, energy, resource extraction, or the environment in general, this new public standard appears to be a tracer of significant decision-making changes, both substantive and procedural. How is this notion understood? How can it be studied and what was its trajectory in Quebec? We first propose a theoretical framework for studying this object, that is, the approach by public policy instruments as a normative instrument aimed at promoting coordination, cooperation, and predictability in a complex environment, through the search for a negotiated adjustment based on scientific and political grounds. We then present the main components for a definition of social acceptability. Finally, we propose to study the trajectory of this standard over more than forty years in Quebec through the study of the reports of the Office of Public Hearings on the Environment, the governmental workshop on social acceptability (2014-2015), and two court judgments (2017 and 2020). We found an increase in importance of social acceptability over the decades, to the point of becoming the ultimate criterion of decision and institutionalizing, and being confirmed in its legal scope; it may appear to be the missing link between participatory democracy and representative democracy.

Background: Past research shows that psychosocial stress and distress predict sedentary behavior and physical activity, but few studies focus on pregnant women. Our objective was to analyze relationships between psychosocial stress and distress with sedentary behavior and physical activity among pregnant women in Canada. Methods: We analyzed objectively-measured sedentary behavior and physical activity at 16–18, 24–26, and 32–24 weeks pregnancy in a sociodemographically diverse cohort of 70 women in Montreal, Canada. Participants completed the Perceived Stress Questionnaire and wore an accelerometer for 3 days that quantified sitting time and steps per day. We used univariate general linear models to analyze relationships between perceived stress with sedentary behavior and physical activity at each evaluation. To assess generalizability, we analyzed relationships between psychological distress with self-reported leisure-time sedentary behavior and daily energy expenditure in transportation and leisure physical activities among a sample representative of 166,095 women in the Canadian Community Health Survey. Results: In the Montreal cohort, we observed a positive association between perceived stress and sitting time, with small to moderate effect sizes (partial η2 = 0.08–0.16). We observed negative relationships between perceived stress and steps per day at the first two evaluations only, with small to moderate effect sizes (partial η2 = 0.08–0.11). Relationships for sedentary behavior were similar in the nationwide sample, but with smaller effect sizes (partial η2 = 0.02). There were no relationships between distress and physical activity in the nationwide sample. Conclusion: Psychosocial stress represents one risk factor for sedentarity, with relationships evident throughout pregnancy and at the population level. Relationships with physical activity are less consistent, but stress might represent a risk factor for low physical activity in early to mid-pregnancy. Results might guide the development of more comprehensive interventions targeting stress, sedentarity, and physical activity. In particular, integrating psychosocial health into interventions to reduce sedentarity, and including concrete guidelines on sedentary behavior in psychosocial health interventions, might be prioritized.

Afin de mieux comprendre la distribution géographique des facilitateurs et des obstacles à la participation sociale des Québécois âgés, cette étude visait à documenter l’Indice du potentiel de participation sociale (IPPS) selon les zones métropolitaines, urbaines et rurales. Des analyses de données secondaires, dont l’Enquête transversale sur la santé des collectivités canadiennes, ont permis de développer et de cartographier un indice composé de facteurs environnementaux associés à la participation sociale, pondérés par une analyse factorielle. En zones métropolitaines, l’IPPS était supérieur au centre qu’en périphérie, compte tenu d’une concentration accrue d’aînés et des transports. Bien qu’atténuée, la configuration était similaire en zones urbaines. En zone rurale, un IPPS élevé était associé à une concentration d’aînés et un accès aux ressources accru, sans configuration spatiale. Pour favoriser la participation sociale, l’IPPS soutient que les transports et l’accès aux ressources doivent respectivement être améliorés en périphérie des métropoles et en zone rurale., AbstractTo better understand the geographic distribution of facilitators of, and barriers to, social participation among older Quebecers, this study aimed to document the Social Participation Potential Index (SPPI; Indice du potentiel de participation sociale) in metropolitan, urban and rural areas. Secondary data analyses, including the Canadian Community Health Survey, were used to develop and map a composite index of environmental factors associated with social participation, weighted by factor analysis. In metropolitan areas, the SPPI was higher in the center than in the periphery, due to an increased concentration of seniors and transportation. Although reduced, the pattern was similar in urban areas. In rural areas, a higher SPPI was associated with an increased concentration of older adults and access to resources, showing no spatial pattern. To promote social participation, the SPPI suggests that transportation and access to resources must be improved in the periphery of metropolitan areas and in rural areas, respectively.

During the last several decades, numerous researchers have provided evidence that physical and biogeochemical processes at air-snow/ice-water interfaces are very complex, and, in many cases, interlinked. , During the last several decades, numerous researchers have provided evidence that physical and biogeochemical processes at air-snow/ice-water interfaces are very complex, and, in many cases, interlinked. This review focuses on the current state of knowledge regarding snow-borne particles. It integrates snow science from different angles: from the formation of snow and precipitation to transformations through natural and anthropogenic processes and impacts and snow management in urban areas sites. We discuss the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of particles in snow, such as their composition, abundance, size distribution, ice nucleation properties, genomic features, and microphysical processes, in urban settings, remote areas of the Arctic, and remote industrial regions (oil sands). We explore physicochemical processes of snow particles: from microbial to emerging contaminants, like nano/microplastics, light-absorbing carbonaceous organics, halogenated and nanometals particles. We review the possible contributions of snow particles to atmospheric radiation and climate, biogeochemistry, human health, and urban snow management. We propose further research directions to improve understanding of air-snow feedback, and sustainable snow management in urban areas, in the age of emerging contaminants in a changing climate.

Plus aucune communauté n’est à l’abri des catastrophes naturelles et technologiques et de plus en plus les intervenants du domaine du social sont appelés à intervenir lors de ces situations. Malheureusement, plusieurs d’entre eux interviennent pendant et après une catastrophe sans avoir reçu une formation de base sur l’intervention en situation de crise macrosociale. Pourtant, ce type d’intervention exige des habiletés de base qui doivent s’acquérir à la fois dans les maisons d’enseignement et lors de formations continues. De plus, en cas de désastre naturels ou technologiques, certains groupes d’individus, dont les personnes âgées, sont plus vulnérables que d’autres parce qu’elles n’ont pas facilement accès aux ressources de la communauté. Par exemple, plusieurs personnes âgées, surtout celles présentant des incapacités physiques ou cognitives et celles à faible revenu n’ont, en général, pas de voitures à leur disponibilité, ce qui peut nuire à leur évacuation lors d’inondations, de tremblements de terre ou d’ouragans. De plus, plusieurs aînés habitent dans de vieux logements moins bien construits pour faire face à des chocs de toutes sortes. Les personnes âgées et particulièrement celles présentant des incapacités physiques ou cognitives, celles à faibles revenus ou sans réseau de soutien social font parties des groupes à risque de subir des blessures, de mourir ou de développer des problèmes de santé post-désastre. Le décès d’un nombre important de personnes âgées pendant l’ouragan Katrina et la vague de chaleur de l’été 2003 en Europe, a malheureusement démontré que plusieurs communautés sont très mal préparées à protéger et secourir, en cas de catastrophe, les aînés et plus particulièrement les personnes âgées vulnérables. De plus, plusieurs études ont fait ressortir qu’à la suite d’un désastre, les personnes âgées reçoivent proportionnellement moins d’aide que les personnes plus jeunes (Fernandez et al 2002), soit parce qu’elles ne sont pas priorisées par les autorités locales ou parce qu’elles-mêmes hésitent à informer leurs proches et les organismes publics ou communautaires de leurs besoins de soutien. Tout individu, quel que soit son âge a un important besoin de soutien social pendant et après un désastre afin d’atténuer les effets du stress et surmonter les obstacles qui se présenteront. On pense par exemple à l’interruption des services essentiels comme l’eau potable ou l’électricité, la lourdeur démocratique, l’endettement, les négociations avec des entrepreneurs quelque peu malhonnêtes, etc. À ce sujet, plusieurs chercheurs considèrent les désastres comme une suite d’événements stressants pouvant occasionner de nombreuses difficultés aux individus (Murphy, 1986). Cette communication permettra de présenter les résultats de nos études effectuées sur les conséquences des désastres sur la santé physique et psychologique des aînés ainsi que sur divers aspects de leur vie (vie personnelle, conjugale, familiale et sociale). En explicitant les sentiments et les difficultés que ces personnes éprouvent lors de catastrophes, les intervenants du domaine du social seront alors mieux outiller pour intervenir auprès de ce groupe cible. Cette communication a donc pour but de présenter les principaux faits saillants et les recommandations de la recension des écrits scientifiques que nous avons dernièrement complété et des faits saillants des diverses études que nous avons réalisées jusqu’à maintenant auprès des personnes âgées à la suite de deux types de désastres : inondation et tempête de verglas. Cette communication a pour but de sensibiliser les participants à l’importance de tenir compte, pour les intervenants du social, des spécificités des aînés lors de l’application des mesures d’urgence et lors de la période de rétablissement des communautés.

Abstract. While disaster studies researchers usually view risk as a function of hazard, exposure, and vulnerability, few studies have systematically examined the relationships among the various physical and socioeconomic determinants underlying disasters, and fewer have done so through seismic risk analysis. In the context of the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake in Taiwan, this study constructs three statistical models to test different determinants that affect disaster fatality at the village level, including seismic hazard, exposure of population and fragile buildings, and demographic and socioeconomic vulnerability. The Poisson regression model is used to estimate the impact of these factors on fatalities. Research results indicate that although all of the determinants have an impact on seismic fatality, some indicators of vulnerability, such as gender ratio, percentages of young and aged population, income and its standard deviation, are the important determinants deteriorating seismic risk. These findings have strong social implications for policy interventions to mitigate such disasters.

Résumé La modification des habitudes de vie pour adopter des comportements sains repose notamment sur la capacité des individus et des populations à estimer les conséquences à long terme des gestes accomplis aujourd’hui. Cette capacité peut cependant varier d’une personne à l’autre, notamment en raison des perspectives temporelles (PT) adoptées. Les PT réfèrent à la tendance d’une personne ou d’un groupe de personnes à orienter ses décisions en fonction d’une vision tournée vers le passé, le présent ou le futur. Cet article vise à démystifier le concept de PT et à comprendre leur construit, afin d’identifier différentes façons d’en tenir compte dans les interventions en promotion de la santé. L’influence des PT sur la santé est principalement liée à leur capacité d’agir sur la motivation des personnes à adopter et à maintenir certains comportements. Une attention particulière doit être portée aux personnes et aux populations dont les PT sont orientées vers le présent. Elles présenteraient un plus grand risque d’adopter des comportements délétères et seraient susceptibles d’être moins sensibles aux messages qui visent la modification de ces comportements que les personnes qui adoptent une PT orientée vers le futur. En ce qui concerne leur construit, les PT sont le fruit de différentes dynamiques psychologiques et des facteurs individuels (âge, sexe, état de santé) et environnementaux (milieu familial, statut socioéconomique, éducation, culture). Parmi les moyens présentés pour tenir compte des PT dans les interventions en promotion de la santé figurent la mise en valeur des avantages à court terme d’un changement de comportement qui vise des bénéfices à long terme pour la santé, la modulation de l’intensité du soutien à l’empowerment des communautés en fonction des PT adoptées et la permutation d’une PT orientée vers le présent vers une PT orientée vers le futur.

Abstract. Large-scale socioeconomic studies of the impacts of floods are difficult and costly for countries such as Canada and the United States due to the large number of rivers and size of watersheds. Such studies are however very important for analyzing spatial patterns and temporal trends to inform large-scale flood risk management decisions and policies. In this paper, we present different flood occurrence and impact models based upon statistical and machine learning methods of over 31 000 watersheds spread across Canada and the US. The models can be quickly calibrated and thereby easily run predictions over thousands of scenarios in a matter of minutes. As applications of the models, we present the geographical distribution of the modelled average annual number of people displaced due to flooding in Canada and the US, as well as various scenario analyses. We find for example that an increase of 10 % in average precipitation yields an increase in the displaced population of 18 % in Canada and 14 % in the US. The model can therefore be used by a broad range of end users ranging from climate scientists to economists who seek to translate climate and socioeconomic scenarios into flood probabilities and impacts measured in terms of the displaced population.

Nous en connaissons peu sur la pratique d’intervention de groupe en région, ce qui ouvre un champ de questions qui dépassent de loin la simple description des conditions de travail en intervention. Ce travail souhaite valoriser et rendre « visible » la pratique d’intervention de groupe des professionnelles issues du travail social, dans un contexte québécois, et plus spécifiquement dans un environnement de région ressource, environnement qui pose des défis et des enjeux importants reliés à ce mode d’intervention. À travers une recherche qualitative et un processus de théorisation ancrée, ce mode d’intervention a été exploré auprès de 10 intervenantes. Les principaux résultats nous permettent d’identifier les spécificités régionales de l’intervention de groupe, telles qu’une pratique destinée fondamentalement aux femmes avec des approches choisies pour l’intervention, la confidentialité et la protection de la vie privée des participantes du groupe, le manque de transport en commun, et une pratique de groupe plus présente dans le milieu communautaire. , We know little about the practice of group intervention in remote areas, which leads to an array of questions that go far beyond the mere description of working conditions in this context of practice. This article aims to acknowledge and increase visibility of social work with groups in Quebec, most specifically in remote regions where mostly female social work professionals practice this type of intervention, an environment that poses important challenges related to this type of practice. Through qualitative research and a process of grounded theorizing, this type of intervention was explored using feedback from 10 female participants (social workers). The main results highlight regional specificities, such as a practice fundamentally aimed at women, confidentiality and privacy of group participants, the lack of public transportation, and a group practice more present in the community setting

Abstract Background Climate change (CC) adaptation is considered a priority for Caribbean Small Islands Developing States (SIDS), as these territories and communities are considered particularly vulnerable to climate-related events. The primary health care (PHC) system is an important actor in contributing to climate change adaptation. However, knowledge on how PHC is prepared for CC in Caribbean SIDS is very limited. The objective of this paper is to discuss health adaptation to climate change focusing on the PHC system. Methods We explored the perspectives of PHC professionals in Dominica on climate change. Focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted in each of the seven health districts in Dominica, a Caribbean SIDS, between November 2021 and January 2022. The semi-structured interview guide was based on the Essential Public Health Functions: assessment, access to health care services, policy development and resource allocation. Data coding was organized accordingly. Results Findings suggest that health care providers perceive climate change as contributing to an increase in NCDs and mental health problems. Climate-related events create barriers to care and exacerbate the chronic deficiencies within the health system, especially in the absence of high-level policy support. Healthcare providers need to take a holistic view of health and act accordingly in terms of disease prevention and health promotion, epidemiological surveillance, and ensuring the widest possible access to health care, with a particular focus on the ecological and social determinants of vulnerability. Conclusion The Primary Health Care system should be a key actor in designing and operationalizing adaptation and transformative resilience. The Essential Public Health Functions should integrate social and climate and ecological determinants of health to guide primary care activities to protect the health of communities. This indicates a need for improved research on the linkages between climate events and health outcomes, surveillance, and development of plans that are guided by contextual knowledge in the SIDS.

Plusieurs chercheur.euse.s s’intéressent à la question des conséquences des désastres sur les enfants et les adolescent.e.s. La majorité des études effectuées sont quantitatives et se concentrent sur les symptômes anxieux, dépressifs et post-traumatiques que développent ces jeunes. Peu d’études qualitatives se préoccupent des effets plus systémiques que provoquent ces catastrophes, tels que les conséquences d’une relocalisation dans un nouveau quartier ou les difficultés familiales et la violence envers les enfants qui peuvent s’ensuivre. De plus, peu d’études proposent des pistes d’intervention en travail social. L’objectif principal de cet article vise donc à fournir une recension des écrits récente, francophone et systémique au sujet des conséquences vécues par les jeunes d’âge mineur à la suite d’un désastre. Cela afin de soutenir les intervenant.e.s en travail social en regroupant dans un même article quelques pistes d’intervention individuelle, familiale, de groupe et collective. , Many researchers have focused on the influence of disasters exposure on children and teenagers. Most of the research performed are quantitative studies that center predominantly on posttraumatic stress, depression, and anxiety symptoms developed by youth. Few qualitative research take an interest in a more holistic picture of the impacts of disasters, such as the relocation in new communities or challenged interpersonal family dynamics, which can lead to violence against children. Moreover, few articles discuss implications for social work. The main objective of this article is to offer a recent and francophone literature review with an ecological approach about the impacts of disasters exposure on children and teenagers. Furthermore, to better equip social workers, promising avenues of individual, family focused, group and community-based interventions are discussed.

The article describes a quantitative cross-sectional study of a sample of 674 university students enrolled in social work programmes in four countries: Belgium, Canada, Chile and Switzerland. The study aimed to assess HIV/AIDS knowledge and attitudes among participants. The median HIV-KQ-18 score for the sample was 14.0, which Carey and Schroder classify as indicating borderline low levels of knowledge. Based on the results, the authors argue that social work education and training programmes should more comprehensively address HIV/AIDS within their curricula to better equip future social workers to challenge stigmatising and exclusionary practices rooted in long-standing lack of knowledge and erroneous beliefs about the disease.

This dissertation explores the psychosocial consequences of climate change and psychosocial adaptation opportunities in High River, Alberta. Influenced by the theoretical approach of Political Ecology, I investigate community impacts and community-based mental health responses in High River following the 2013 Southern Alberta floods. Research methods include: a desktop climate change and health vulnerability and adaptation assessment that includes over 116 data sources; telephone interviews with key informant health and social services leaders (n = 14); four focus group sessions with front-line health and social services workers (n = 14); and, semi-structured interviews (n = 18) with a sample of community-members exposed to the 2013 flood and who self-identify in any one or more ways: female, youth, elderly, non-white, someone living in a low socio-economic status, someone with pre-existing health concerns. A total of 46 participants were recruited in this research. Results of the empirical investigation in High River are showcased in three manuscripts. The first manuscript, informed by critical Political Ecology, is an investigation of sociopolitical conditions that influence health inequities and adaptation opportunities (or lack thereof) in a changing climate in High River. The second is an empirical exploration of the long-term psychosocial consequences of the 2013 flood, relating these

There is increasing evidence that exposure to weather-related hazards like storms and floods adversely affects mental health. However, evidence of treated and untreated mental disorders based on diagnostic criteria for the general population is limited. We analysed the Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey, a large probability sample survey of adults in England (n = 7525), that provides the only national data on the prevalence of mental disorders assessed to diagnostic criteria. The most recent survey (2014–2015) asked participants if they had experienced damage to their home (due to wind, rain, snow or flood) in the six months prior to interview, a period that included months of unprecedented population exposure to flooding, particularly in Southern England. One in twenty (4.5%) reported living in a storm- or flood-damaged home in the previous six months. Social advantage (home ownership, higher household income) increased the odds of exposure to storm or flood damage. Exposure predicted having a common mental disorder over and above the effects of other known predictors of poor mental health. With climate change increasing the frequency and severity of storms and flooding, improving community resilience and disaster preparedness is a priority. Evidence on the mental health of exposed populations is key to building this capacity.

Introduction:Public health emergency management involves the timely translation of relevant evidence and effective coordination of diverse actors. In practice, this can be challenging in the absence of a common framework for action among diverse actors.Aim:To apply an Integrated Knowledge Translation (iKT) approach throughout the development of a conceptual framework and performance measurement indicators for public health emergency preparedness (PHEP), to ensure knowledge generated is relevant and useful to the field.Methods:The iKT approach was initiated by identifying a research question based on priorities from the field. The two phases of the study used participatory research methods as well as active engagement with potential end users at key study milestones. The Structured Interview Matrix (SIM) facilitation technique for focus groups and an expert panel using Delphi methodology were used to define the PHEP framework and performance measurement indicators, respectively. An advisory committee was assembled consisting of potential end-users of the research, in senior positions in applied and decision-making roles.Results:iKT was an essential component for this applied public health project, contributing to and enhancing the relevance of the knowledge generated. iKT contributed to the following: broad national engagement and interest in the study, successful recruitment in both phases, and engagement with decision-makers. This multi-dimensional participatory approach successfully generated knowledge that was important to the field demonstrated by relevance to practice and policy in jurisdictions across Canada. Furthermore, the approach fostered building resilience in local and national communities through collaboration.Discussion:The iKT approach was essential to generating knowledge that is relevant and useful to the field, mainly to promote health system preparedness and resilience. Future research to study the implementation of knowledge will be important to continue addressing the knowledge-to-action gap in health emergency management research.

This paper investigates the link between development, economic growth, and the economic losses from natural disasters in a general analytical framework, with an illustration on hurricane flood risks in New Orleans. It concludes that, where capital accumulates through increased density of capital at risk in a given area, (i) the probability of disaster occurrence decreases with income; (ii) capital at risk and thus economic losses in case of disaster -- increases faster than economic growth; (iii) increasing risk-taking reinforces economic growth. Economic growth and improved protection transfer risks from frequent low-intensity events to rarer high-impact events. In this context, average annual losses from disasters grow with income, and they grow faster than income at low levels of development and slower than income at high levels of development. These findings are robust to a broad range of modeling choices and parameter values, to the inclusion of risk aversion, and to variations in the decision-making framework (including the introduction of prospect theory's decision weights, biases in risk perception and myopic expectations). They show that risk-taking is both a driver and a consequence of economic development, that risk taking should not be indiscriminately suppressed, and that the world is very likely to experience fewer but more costly disasters in the future.

Purpose The current pandemic and ongoing climate risks highlight the limited capacity of various systems, including health and social ones, to respond to population-scale and long-term threats. Practices to reduce the impacts on the health and well-being of populations must evolve from a reactive mode to preventive, proactive and concerted actions beginning at individual and community levels. Experiences and lessons learned from the pandemic will help to better prevent and reduce the psychosocial impacts of floods, or other hydroclimatic risks, in a climate change context. Design/methodology/approach The present paper first describes the complexity and the challenges associated with climate change and systemic risks. It also presents some systemic frameworks of mental health determinants, and provides an overview of the different types of psychosocial impacts of disasters. Through various Quebec case studies and using lessons learned from past and recent flood-related events, recommendations are made on how to better integrate individual and community factors in disaster response. Findings Results highlight the fact that people who have been affected by the events are significantly more likely to have mental health problems than those not exposed to flooding. They further demonstrate the adverse and long-term effects of floods on psychological health, notably stemming from indirect stressors at the community and institutional levels. Different strategies are proposed from individual-centered to systemic approaches, in putting forward the advantages from intersectoral and multirisk researches and interventions. Originality/value The establishment of an intersectoral flood network, namely the InterSectoral Flood Network of Québec (RIISQ), is presented as an interesting avenue to foster interdisciplinary collaboration and a systemic view of flood risks. Intersectoral work is proving to be a major issue in the management of systemic risks, and should concern communities, health and mental health professionals, and the various levels of governance. As climate change is called upon to lead to more and more systemic risks, close collaboration between all the areas concerned with the management of the factors of vulnerability and exposure of populations will be necessary to respond effectively to damages and impacts (direct and indirect) linked to new meteorological and compound hazards. This means as well to better integrate the communication managers into the risk management team.