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As local risk assessments are fundamental for risk management and mitigation strategies, this work introduces a methodology for assessing multi-hazard scenarios of extreme compounded events and their duration using daily time series of surface variables from high-resolution climate simulations during historical and future periods under RCP8.5. The aim was to investigate the return level extremes of 20- and 50-year periods of hazards occurring within specific durations and concurrent extreme values of other surface variables, for selected locations in Greece. In addition, future changes in the temporal occurrence of compounded hazards involving precipitation and wind with temperature extremes were performed based on temperature extreme percentiles. The assessment revealed the geographical dependence in the projected occurrence, intensity, and duration of compounded multi-hazard extremes, emphasising the need for high spatial resolution climate data for their investigation. The highlights of the findings include a significant increasing trend of compounded multi-hazard extremes, e.g., hot days and tropical nights, milder winter minimum temperatures with lower rainfall extremes, hotter and windier events of shorter duration, and longer precipitation extremes with increased extreme temperatures. The projections showcased the impact of climate change on extreme compounds with a multitude of interesting findings associated with significant changes in their duration, intensity, and temporal occurrence.
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Abstract It is challenging to predict the precise location and severity of flood events, which can cause major disturbance to different public services, such as disruption to and the closure of critical transportation infrastructure. Therefore, approaches to enhance the resilience of these infrastructures are required. Serious games are new computing tools that have been applied in various fields with a combination of gameplay, learning and training. However, the application of serious games in intelligent transportation systems remains underutilized. As a result, the concept of a serious game is developed in this study to significantly improve transportation infrastructure resilience in an example of a flooding event. The serious game concept presented in this paper is being developed as part of the H2020-funded PRECINCT project ( www.precinct.info ).
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Abstract Catastrophic flooding has been noted to occur with greater frequency following deforestation, but limited observations have been available to test this connection over large spatial scales. Here we used the data of mega forest fires impacting a region of 25,000 km 2 in Australia exhibiting rapid loss in forest canopy, where the runoff generation has been carefully observed with minimum anthropogenic influences for more than half a century. This provides a unique opportunity to assess the impact of the forest canopy loss on large-scale fluvial flooding. A state-controlled hypothesis test, with the climate and watershed states controlled to enhance robustness, shows a statistically significant increase in annual maximum flows resulting from the forest loss treatment. The reasoning for this natural experiment is that the forest loss impact on the interception potential of forest canopy, fallen leaves, and root-zone soils in wide region could have a recognizable impact on the fluvial flood.