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Introduction Impacts of climate change on human health receive increasing attention. However, the connections of climate change with well-being and mental health are still poorly understood. Objective As part of the Horizon Europe project TRIGGER, we aim to deepen the understanding of the relationships between climate change and human mental health and well-being in Europe by focusing on environmental and socio-individual determinants. Methods This study is a systematic literature review based on the PRISMA guidelines using Embase, Medline and Web of Science. Results 143 records were retrieved. The results show that climate change and its specific hazards (air pollution, floods, wildfires, meteorological variables, and temperature extremes) impact human well-being and mental health. Discussion Mental health and well-being outcomes are complex, extremely individual, and can be long lasting. Determinants like the living surrounding, human’s life activities as well as socio-individual determinants alter the linkage between climate change and mental health. The same determinant can exert both a pathogenic and a salutogenic effect, depending on the outcome. Knowing the effects of the determinants is of high relevance to improve resilience. Several pathways were identified. For instance, higher level of education and female gender lead to perceiving climate change as a bigger threat but increase preparedness to climate hazards. Elderly, children and adolescents are at higher risks of mental health problems. On the other hand, social relation, cohesiveness and support from family and friends are generally protective. Green and blue spaces improve well-being and mental health. Overall, comparing the different hazard-outcome relationships is difficult due to varying definitions, measurement techniques, spatial and temporal range, scales, indicators and population samples. Systematic Review Registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/home , identifier CRD42023426758.

Les événements météorologiques extrêmes (EME) et les désastres qu’ils entrainent provoquent des conséquences psychosociales qui sont modulées en fonction de différents facteurs sociaux. On constate aussi que les récits médiatiques et culturels qui circulent au sujet des EME ne sont pas représentatifs de l’ensemble des expériences de personnes sinistrées : celles qui en subissent les conséquences les plus sévères tendent aussi à être celles qu’on « entend » le moins dans l’espace public. Ces personnes sont ainsi susceptibles de vivre de l’injustice épistémique, ce qui a des effets délétères sur le soutien qu’elles reçoivent. Face à ces constats s’impose la nécessité de mieux comprendre la diversité des expériences d’EME et d’explorer des stratégies pour soutenir l’ensemble des personnes sinistrées dans leur rétablissement psychosocial. Cet article soutient que la recherche narrative peut contribuer à répondre à ces objectifs. En dépeignant des réalités multiples, la recherche narrative centrée sur les récits de personnes sinistrées présente aussi un intérêt significatif pour l’amélioration des pratiques d’intervention en contexte de désastre. , Extreme weather events (EWE) and their resulting disasters cause psychosocial consequences that are moderated by different social factors. Media and cultural accounts of EWEs do not represent the full range of disaster survivor experiences, that is, those who experienced the most severe consequences also tend to be those least “heard” in the public arena. These people are therefore most likely to experience forms of epistemic injustice that negatively impact the support offered to cope with disaster. Considering these findings, there is a need to better understand the diversity of EWE experiences and explore strategies for supporting all disaster survivors in their psychosocial recovery. This article argues that narrative research can help meet these needs. By portraying the multiple realities of people affected by EWEs, narrative research focusing on the stories of disaster survivors is also of significant interest for improving intervention practices in this context.

Combined sewer surcharges in densely urbanized areas have become more frequent due to the expansion of impervious surfaces and intensified precipitation caused by climate change. These surcharges can generate system overflows, causing urban flooding and pollution of urban areas. This paper presents a novel methodology to mitigate sewer system surcharges and control surface water. In this methodology, flow control devices and urban landscape retrofitting are proposed as strategies to reduce water inflow into the sewer network and manage excess water on the surface during extreme rainfall events. For this purpose, a 1D/2D dual drainage model was developed for two case studies located in Montreal, Canada. Applying the proposed methodology to these two sites led to a reduction of the volume of wastewater overflows by 100% and 86%, and a decrease in the number of surface overflows by 100% and 71%, respectively, at the two sites for a 100-year return period 3-h Chicago design rainfall. It also controlled the extent of flooding, reduced the volume of uncontrolled surface floods by 78% and 80% and decreased flooded areas by 68% and 42%, respectively, at the two sites for the same design rainfall.

Abstract This study investigates possible trends and teleconnections in temperature extremes in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. Daily maximum and minimum temperature data covering the period 1971–2021 at 26 stations located in NSW were used. Three indices, which focus on daily maximum temperature, daily minimum temperature, and average daily temperature in terms of Excessive Heat Factor (EHF) were investigated to identify the occurrence of heatwaves (HWs). The study considered HWs of different durations (1-, 5-, and 10-days) in relation to intensity, frequency, duration, and their first occurrence parameters. Finally, the influences of three global climate drivers, namely – the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the Southern Annular Mode (SAM), and the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) were investigated with associated heatwave attributes for extended Austral summers. In this study, an increasing trend in both hot days and nights was observed for most of the selected stations within the study area. The increase was more pronounced for the last decade (2011–2021) of the investigated time period. The number, duration and frequency of the heatwaves increased over time considering the EHF criterion, whereas no particular trend was detected in cases of TX90 and TN90. It was also evident that the first occurrence of all the HWs shifted towards the onset of the extended summer while considering the EHF criterion of HWs. The correlations between heatwave attributes and climate drivers depicted that heatwave over NSW was positively influenced by both the IOD and ENSO and negatively correlated with SAM. The findings of this study will be useful in formulating strategies for managing the impacts of extreme temperature events such as bushfires, floods, droughts to the most at-risk regions within NSW.

Les changements climatiques anthropogéniques posent des défis énormes pour toutes les sociétés humaines. Ces défis majeurs mettront à l’épreuve les capacités d’adaptation des États et de ses institutions et des communautés partout dans le monde et devront se résoudre par un élan de solidarité humaine afin d’en atténuer les conséquences. Le Canada connaît déjà un réchauffement climatique important. Le pays a d’ailleurs récemment été touché par des événements climatiques extrêmes : des canicules, des feux de forêt, une sécheresse anormale et des inondations dont l’intensité est prévue d’augmenter avec les changements climatiques anthropogéniques. La province du Québec a quant à elle été touchée par de fortes inondations entre 2017 et 2019. L’objectif principal de la présente étude vise à discuter la manière dont le paradigme écosocial peut faire évoluer le travail social en tant que champ de savoir et d’intervention dans un contexte de changements climatiques. Cette étude s’est appuyée sur des données issues de groupes focus réalisés avec des intervenants suite aux inondations survenues au Québec (2017-2019). Notre analyse vise les interventions réalisées en contexte d’inondations, dans le sud de la province, mise en œuvre par le système de santé. Les données ont été collectées lors d’entrevues de groupe réalisées avec des intervenants psychosociaux et des gestionnaires de CI(U)SSS au courant des mois d’octobre et de novembre 2019. Les thèmes suivants ont émergé des analyses: les caractéristiques des inondations de 2019, les divergences d’opinions vis-à-vis des changements climatiques, l’aide et le soutien apportés durant les inondations et la participation citoyenne. J’insisterai également sur l’exacerbation possible des inégalités sociales dans ce contexte. D’autres thèmes se sont également révélés importants : l’engagement des intervenants psychosociaux, la participation et la décentralisation des décisions politiques. Enfin, mes réflexions porteront sur les conséquences sociales qu’entrainent les inondations et sur les types de pratiques sociales qui s’avèrent pertinentes à l’ère des changements climatiques et dans un contexte d’urgence.

Pesticide transport by surface runoff depends on climate, agricultural practices, topography, soil characteristics, crop type, and pest phenology. To accurately assess the impact of climate change, these factors must be accounted for in a single framework by integrating their interaction and uncertainty. This paper presents the development and application of a framework to assess the impact of climate change on pesticide transport by surface runoff in southern Quebec (Canada) for the 1981-2040 period. The crop enemies investigated were: weeds for corn (Zea mays); and for apple orchard (Malus pumila), three insect pests (codling moth (Cydia pomonella), plum curculio (Conotrachelus nenuphar) and apple maggot (Rhagoletis pomonella)) and two diseases (apple scab (Venturia inaequalis) and fire blight (Erwinia amylovora)). A total of 23 climate simulations, 19 sites, and 11 active ingredients were considered. The relationship between climate and phenology was accounted for by bioclimatic models of the Computer Centre for Agricultural Pest Forecasting (CIPRA) software. Exported loads of pesticides were evaluated at the edge-of-field scale using the Pesticide Root Zone Model (PRZM), simulating both hydrology and chemical transport. A stochastic model was developed to account for PRZM parameter uncertainty. Results of this study indicate that for the 2011-2040 period, application dates would be advanced from 3 to 7 days on average with respect to the 1981-2010 period. However, the impact of climate change on maximum daily rainfall during the application window is not statistically significant, mainly due to the high variability of extreme rainfall events. Hence for the studied sites and crop enemies considered, climate change impact on pesticide transported in surface runoff is not statistically significant throughout the 2011-2040 period.

The 2023 wildfire season in Québec set records due to extreme warm and dry conditions, burning 4.5 million hectares and indicating persistent and escalating impacts associated with climate change. This study reviews the unusual weather conditions that led to the fires, discussing their extensive impacts on the forest sector, fire management, boreal caribou habitats, and particularly the profound effects on First Nation communities. The wildfires led to significant declines in forest productivity and timber supply, overwhelming fire management resources, and necessitating widespread evacuations. First Nation territories were dramatically altered, facing severe air quality issues and disruptions. While caribou impacts were modest across the province, the broader ecological, economical, and social repercussions were considerable. To mitigate future extreme wildfire seasons, the study suggests changes in forest management practices to increase forest resilience and resistance, adapting industrial structures to changes in wood type harvested, and enhancing fire suppression and risk management strategies. It calls for a comprehensive, unified approach to risk management that incorporates the lessons learned from the 2023 fire season and accounts for ongoing climate change. The studyunderscores the urgent need for detailed planning and proactive measures to reduce the growing risks and impacts of wildfires in a changing climate.

The mountain headwater Bow River at Banff, Alberta, Canada was subject to a large flood in June 2013, over which considerable debate has ensued regarding its probability of occurrence. It is therefore instructive to consider what information long term streamflow discharge records provide about environmental change in the Upper Bow River basin above Banff. Though protected as part of Banff National Park, since 1885, the basin has experienced considerable climate and land cover changes, each of which has the potential to impact observations, and hence the interpretations of flood probability. The Bow River at Banff hydrometric station is one of Canada's longest operating reference hydrological basin network stations and so has great value for assessing changes in flow regime over time. Furthermore, the station measures a river that provides an extremely important water supply for Calgary and irrigation district downstream and so is of great interest for assessing regional water security. These records were examined for changes in several flood attributes and to determine whether flow changes may have been related to landscape change within the basin as caused by forest fires, conversion from grasslands to forest with fire suppression, and regional climate variations and/or trends. Floods in the Upper Bow River are generated by both snowmelt and rain-on-snow (ROS) events, the latter type which include floods events generated by spatially and temporally large storms such as occurred in 2013. The two types of floods also have different frequency characteristics. Snowmelt and ROS flood attributes were not correlated significantly with any climate index or with burned area except that snowmelt event duration correlated negatively to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation. While there is a significant negative trend in all floods over the past 100years, when separated based on generating process, neither snowmelt floods nor large ROS floods associated with mesoscale storms show any trends over time. Despite extensive changes to the landscape of the basin and in within the climate system, the flood regime remains unchanged, something identified at smaller scales in the region but never at larger scales.

Canada’s vast regions are reacting to climate change in uncertain ways. Understanding of local disaster risks and knowledge of underlying causes for negative impacts of disasters are critical factors to working toward a resilient environment across the social, economic, and the built sectors. Historically, floods have caused more economical and social damage around the world than other types of natural hazards. Since the 1900s, the most frequent hazards in Canada have been floods, wildfire, drought, and extreme cold, in terms of economic damage. The recent flood events in the Canadian provinces of Ontario, New Brunswick, Quebec, Alberta, and Manitoba have raised compelling concerns. These include should communities be educated with useful knowledge on hazard risk and resilience so they would be interested in the discussion on the vital role they can play in building resilience in their communities. Increasing awareness that perceived risk can be very different from the real threat is the motivation behind this study. The main objectives of this study include identifying and quantifying the gap between people’s perception of exposure and susceptibility to the risk and a lack of coping capacity and objective assessment of risk and resilience, as well as estimating an integrated measure of disaster resilience in a community. The proposed method has been applied to floods as an example, using actual data on the geomorphology of the study area, including terrain and low lying regions. It is hoped that the study will encourage a broader debate if a unified strategy for disaster resilience would be feasible and beneficial in Canada.

Dans le cadre de la mise en œuvre du Plan d’action 2013-2020 sur les changements climatiques du Québec, le ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux du Québec a mandaté l’Institut national de santé publique du Québec afin de mener une étude exploratoire portant sur les impacts psychosociaux vécus chez les travailleurs à la suite de quatre événements météorologiques extrêmes qui s’accentueront avec les changements climatiques, soit les vagues de chaleur, les inondations, les tempêtes et les feux de forêt. Cette étude exploratoire visait à examiner brièvement la littérature et les connaissances de différents acteurs-clés afin de proposer par la suite des projets de recherche plus importants et qui répondent aux besoins et aux enjeux des milieux de travail et de la santé publique au Québec. Elle a mis en évidence que les événements météorologiques extrêmes étudiés peuvent entraîner des impacts psychosociaux chez les travailleurs, mais les connaissances sur ces impacts varient grandement selon l’événement. Les impacts psychosociaux chez les travailleurs ont été plus documentés dans la littérature scientifique pour les tempêtes et l’ont été de façon moins importante pour les inondations et les feux de forêt et négligeable pour les vagues de chaleur. Les travailleurs des services de la première ligne (comme les intervenants municipaux, les policiers, les pompiers, et les professionnels de la santé qui interviennent auprès des sinistrés, le personnel des services de travaux publics, etc.) et les agriculteurs font partie des populations de travailleurs qui ont été les plus étudiées. Les impacts psychologiques négatifs comme de l’épuisement, de la fatigue, de la détresse psychologique, de l’anxiété, de la colère et de la tristesse ont été plus souvent rapportés dans la littérature que les impacts sociaux. Il existe des facteurs de risque organisationnels (ex. : surcharge de travail, le manque de formation, de ressources matérielles, de personnels disponibles) et personnels (ex. : le fait d’être sinistré, le manque de contact avec les membres de la famille), communs à plusieurs événements et types de travailleurs, et qui peuvent aggraver les impacts psychosociaux vécus chez les travailleurs. Il existe aussi des facteurs de protection (ex. : reconnaissance ou gratitude, résilience individuelle, soutien social et efficacité collective). Il est important de consulter des acteurs clés pour bonifier les connaissances de la littérature scientifique. Dans le cadre de cette étude, les consultations avec des acteurs clés ont permis d’identifier de nouveaux travailleurs vulnérables, d’en apprendre davantage sur les caractéristiques de certains événements météorologiques extrêmes et de réaliser que les impacts psychosociaux vécus à la suite de ceux-ci pouvaient être positifs. L’acquisition de connaissances sur les impacts psychosociaux vécus chez les travailleurs à la suite des inondations est un des sujets qui répond aux besoins et aux enjeux des milieux de travail et de la santé publique au Québec.<br/><br/>