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Conférence de Paola Bacchetta, Université de Californie à Berkeley à la conférence publique «Race, colonialité et politique» organisée en collaboration avec l’Institut Simone-De Beauvoir au Congrès CIRFF2015, mercredi 26 août 2015, UQAM. 7e Congrès international des recherches féministes dans la francophonie (CIRFF2015) http://cirff2015.uqam.ca/ 24 au 28 août 2015, Université du Québec à Montréal.
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L’enfant grandit avec son grand-père qui, avant sa mort, lui apprend tout de la vie et de la Terre. Tels des vautours, des Polichinelles (Blancs) débarquent, pillent le territoire, la culture et la langue. En cinq tableaux, Qu’as-tu fait de mon pays ? • Tanite nene etutamin nitassi ? raconte l’histoire de la dépossession des peuples autochtones et les abus du système colonial. Née en 1926 dans le Grand Nord, An Antane Kapesh, gardienne de la mémoire de son peuple, est la première auteure innue. Mère de huit enfants, elle décède en 2004. Sa parole demeure fondamentale pour l’histoire.
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Sœurs volées, femmes disparues, féminicides ignorés… Alors que Harper refuse toujours de voir les crimes contre les femmes autochtones comme un phénomène de société, des voix s’élèvent pour décrire et dénoncer une culture d’impunité et d’aveuglement. Le problème, criant au Canada, est présent partout dans le monde.
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This dissertation examines African and African Diaspora concert dance in Montreal in relation to Canadian multicultural policies and Québec nationalism. The multiple layers of colonization and various waves of immigration to Québec have made the province a unique nation with its own complex history of racial construction, quite unlike the racial histories of the U.S. or the rest of Canada (though still greatly informed by these racial paradigms). In the debates that arise in Québec over multiculturalism, language is often seen as the main cultural component in need of preservation. However, this focus on language often masks other elements at play in these cultural debates, in particular, how "race" informs notions of cultural belonging in Québec. A focus on African Diaspora dance in Montreal (Québec's largest and most demographically varied city) helps bring racial construction to the fore for two reasons. First, language differences do not distinguish Québec's Black community from the white French-Canadian majority as Québec's Black population is comprised mainly of French-speakers, and accordingly, studying Montreal's African Diaspora reduces the significance of linguistic difference. Second, concentrating on dance practices helps identify how the Montreal public interprets bodies and their cultural meanings. By analyzing the public support and critical reception of African Diaspora dance practices in Montreal, this dissertation examines how racial difference is constructed through multicultural rhetoric, policies, and debates about dance; it also suggests that dance practitioners have the ability to change and inform these constructed identities and the social landscape that frames them. To conduct this research, I use archival material along with personal interviews and participant-observer ethnography to examine: the early visits of Les Ballets Africains to North America (with a particular focus on Montreal); the Montreal-based company Les Ballets Jazz; the 1999 Montreal festival Afrique: Aller/Retour; and the work of Contemporary African dance choreographer Zab Maboungou. With these subjects, my projects contributes a partial history of African Diaspora dance in Montreal and analyzes the effectiveness and the shortcomings of Canadian Multiculturalism on this community.