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À l’ère de la croissance galopante des prisons sous forme de complexe industriel en Amérique du Nord, les tensions idéologiques vacillent entre châtiment et mouvements en faveur d’une justice réparatrice ou transformatrice. Entre les désinstitutionnalistes, qui cherchent à réduire le nombre de personnes en prison, et les abolitionnistes pénaux, qui visent une transformation sociale, on retrouve nombre de féministes canadiennes. Les femmes au Canada sont désillusionnées suite à l’échec du gouvernement fédéral à mettre en pratique la vision de La création de choix, un rapport d’un groupe de travail sur l’emprisonnement des femmes, datant de 1990. Le gouvernement n’a pas non plus tenu compte des importantes recommandations de la juge Louise Arbour, dont l’enquête de 1996 sur les inconduites du personnel correctionnel met en lumière le non-respect des lois dans les prisons. En 2002, encore plus de femmes se retrouvent dans les prisons à sécurité moyenne ou maximale au Canada pour des crimes relativement mineurs. Les années 1990 nous ont fourni une bonne leçon sur la futilité de la réforme des prisons, tout spécialement au nom du féminisme. Dans l’avenir, les féministes devront impérativement contester les fondements de la pénalité imposée par l’État plutôt que de tenter de réformer une institution désuète.
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Focusing on the street AIDS activist movement ACT UP, this article explores the question of social movement sustainability. Emotions figure centrally in two ways. First, I argue that the emotion work of movements, largely ignored by scholars, is vital to their ability to develop and thrive over time. I investigate the ways AIDS activists nourished and extended an “emotional common sense” that was amenable to their brand of street activism, exploring, for example, the ways in which ACT UP marshaled grief and tethered it to anger; reoriented the object of gay pride away from community stoicism and toward gay sexual difference and militant activism; transformed the subject and object of shame from gay shame about homosexuality to government shame about its negligent response to AIDS; and gave birth to a new “queer” identity that joined the new emotional common sense, militant politics, and sexradicalism into a compelling package that helped to sustain the movement. Second, I investigate the emotions generated in the heat of the action that also helped the street AIDS activist movement flourish into the early 1990s.
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My essay theorizes femme/butch family romances against the grain of dominant feminist and lesbian thought that desexualizes the space of mother/daughter desire. I do so through a reading/recoding of the infringing incestuous mommie-boy desires that surface in an archetypal lesbian novel, Jane Rule's Desert of the Heart.
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Cette publication de 2002 aborde les enjeux des femmes et des sexualité(s) *** FéminÉtudes est une revue étudiante, féministe et multidisciplinaire. La revue est née en 1995 de l’initiative d’étudiantes féministes dans l’intérêt de partager leurs recherches et de créer un groupe affinitaire. La revue est dirigée par des collectifs de rédaction bénévoles et autogérés, et soutenue par l’Institut de Recherches en Études Féministes (IREF) de l’Université du Québec à Montréal. Au fil des ans, FéminÉtudes a réussi à se bâtir une réputation et une légitimité dans le champ de la recherche en études féministes, tout en offrant une tribune au travaux et aux réflexions de dizaines d’étudiant.e.s. Au-delà de la recherche, c’est également pour l’avancement des luttes féministes que FéminÉtudes souhaite continuer à grandir.
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This article features several women who are part of the present-day Bulgarian lesbian scene and discusses the significance of butch/femme identities in the absence of a tradition of lesbian community life.
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Personal advertisements placed by lesbians were examined to determine how often butch/femme descriptors were used: (a) as a form of self-identification or (b) to indicate the type of partner being sought. The 388 personal advertisements were drawn from 16 alternative newspapers around the U.S., as well as from one Internet site (Qworld) that contained personal ads by lesbians. Each advertisement was coded for the presence or absence of butch/femme descriptors. The majority of advertisers did not mention butch or femme labels either in terms of self-identity or type of partner sought. Among the minority of advertisers who self-identified as butch or femme, more described themselves as femme than butch. Among advertisers seeking butch or femme partners, femme partners were sought most often. Explanations for the preference for femme lesbians were explored
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The aim of the article is to further assess and develop feminist standpoint theory by introducing the notion of the ‘situated imagination’ as constituting an important part of this theory as well as that of ‘situated knowledge’. The article argues that the faculty of the imagination constructs as well as transforms, challenges and supersedes both existing knowledge and social reality. However, like knowledge, it is crucial to theorize the imagination as situated, that is, as shaped and conditioned (although not determined) by social positioning.
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This memoir of a 65-year-old “butch” lesbian describes her growing-up days in the South and her subsequent professional identity as a university professor and psychologist. The article includes feelings about being raised as a girl while feeling male. Personal reactions to family pressures to conform to a rigid sex role are noted and some attention is given to the effects of living an adult life in the closet.
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Can one explain both the resilience of the status quo and the possibility for resistance from a subordinate position? This paper aims to resolve these seemingly incompatible perspectives. By extending Randall Collins’s interaction ritual theory, and synthesizing it with Norbert Wiley’s model of the self, this paper suggests how the emotional dynam- ics between people and within the self can explain social inertia as well as the possibility for resistance and change. Diverging from literature on the sociology of emotions that has been concerned with individual emotional processes, this paper considers the collective level in order to explore how movement action is motivated. The emotional dynamics of subordinate positioning that limit women’s options in face-to-face inter- actions are examined, as are the social processes of developing feminist consciousness and a willingness to participate in resistance work. Pointing toward empirical appli- cations, I conclude by suggesting conditions where resistance is likely.