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Ferdulis Zita Odome Angone commente deux chapitres de la thèse soutenue en 2022 par Patricia Picazo Sanz et intitulée Modelos de mundo y discursos literarios saboteadores en Guinea Ecuatorial : la construcción de una identidad decolonial y sus límites [Modèles-monde et discours littéraires saboteurs en Guinée Equatoriale : la construction d’une identité décoloniale et ses limites]. Elle se concentre sur l’écriture et la réception d’un roman écrit en langue fang, pour souligner les relations entre identités subalternes et « discours saboteurs ».
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Drawing from ethnographic research, incorporating informal conversations, semi-structured interviews and a focus group discussion, the paper explores the subjective meanings and construction of the “lesbian” identity in a “hostile” environment among selected same-sex attracted women in Harare. While the globally circulating identity labels are loaded with historical baggage which can be limiting or confusing in non-western contexts, most of the study participants related to some of the labels that are prominent in the present-day, western-inspired global discourse on same-sex relations. Self-styling and the quest to exhibit masculine decorum was a central aspect in the narratives of most “butch” identifying women. For most butch identifying women being lesbian was closely interwoven with considerations about one’s gendered self. However not all participants were comfortable with the circulating identity labels as they found them restrictive and loaded. While subjective preferences of the participants demonstrate complexity in how “lesbianism” is locally constructed and experienced, the lesbian identity is certainly not obsolete in Harare among same-sex attracted women.
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With the enactment of anti-homosexuality laws in the 1960s, Cameroon's government officially endorsed heterosexualist ideologies which legitimize the alienation and criminalization of minority and nonconforming sexual and gender identities. One group, the so-called garçons manqués, embodies the stigmatized masculine or "butch" lesbian identity. The political management of lesbianism in Cameroon is ambivalent, however, with respect to sport, and particularly regarding the national pastime, football. Whereas masculine lesbians are routinely branded as "butches" or "sexual predators" who threaten African hetero-patriarchy, "strong women"" (femmes fortes) are celebrated as pivotal to the national ambition. Cameroon's government strategically amalgamates both heteronationalism and homonationalism in the interest of national pride.