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Feminists have been taken to task for suggesting both that the higher level of mental illness observed in women is a consequence of the oppression they face - an oppression which drives them into madness and mental disorder - and also that the concept of mental illness is a social construct inappropriately and incorrectly applied to women by a patriarchal order as a means of social control. This paper examines this supposed contradiction and the ideas that underly the contrasting contentions. It argues that the two positions are not in fact incompatible.

Women and Media is a thoughtful cross-cultural examination of the ways in which women have worked inside and outside mainstream media organizations since the 1970s. Rooted in a series of interviews with women media workers and activists collected specifically for this book, the text provides an original insight into women’s experiences. Explains the ways that women have organized their internal and external campaigns to improve media content (or working conditions) for women, and established womenowned media to gain a public voice. Identifies key issues and developments in feminist media critiques and interventions over the last 30 years, as these relate to production, representation and consumption. Functions as both a research case study and a teaching text.

Revendiquer le droit de se marier et d'avoir des enfants pour des couples homosexuels serait-il une avant-garde, une émancipation par rapport à la norme, ou au contraire le signe d'un grand conformisme? Le fait est que rendre légaux le mariage et la parentalité homosexuels conduit à de nouvelles définitions de la famille en général. Des chercheurs présentent ici le résultat de leurs enquêtes.

C'est à partir de l'opération de Christine Jorgensen en 1952 au Danemark, que le fait qu'un homme puisse devenir une femme, après une intervention chirurgicale, entre dans l'esprit du grand public en raison de sa très forte médiatisation. Les identités trans' sont alors loin de s'affirmer comme telles. Il faudra attendre la fin des années 80 pour assister à l'émergence d'une visibilité prenant une forme revendicative. Entre les deux, la psychiatrisation de l'identité. Grâce à l'Internet, les transidentités ne sont plus isolées les unes des autres et ne rejouent plus la dramatique du changement de sexe comme une individuelle et éternelle première fois. Une mémoire s'élabore, se fixe et génère une culture. Leurs relations à l'information et l'identitaire questionnent tout autant. Cette recherche considère le groupe transidentitaire comme un monde social s'institutionnalisant dans un esprit multidisciplinaire à la lumière des sciences de l'information et de la communication, de la psychosociologie, de la théorie de l'engagement, de l'ethnométhodologie, de la sociologie de la traduction et de la communication instituante. L'analyse du traitement télévisuel de la transidentité, considérée comme expression la plus singulière de l'identité, est-elle susceptible de donner des outils de lectures sur la construction des normes de genre au-delà de la transidentité ?

We conducted a review of literature regarding sexual attitudes and double standards, focusing on participant gender and ethnic background. We found that men had more permissive sexual attitudes than women, and that African Americans had the most permissive sexual attitudes, followed by White Americans, then by Hispanic Americans and Asian Americans. The literature regarding sexual double standards was mixed; some studies showed evidence of continued sexual double standards and some studies showed the absence of sexual double standards. In some studies, men were more likely to endorse the sexual double standard than women. We found only one article addressing sexual double standards using ethnic background as a quasi-independent variable; this research revealed that non-North American (Russian and Japanese) samples were more likely to endorse the traditional double standard, that sex is more acceptable for men than for women.

Black women are generally displaced as victims of rape. The police response to the sexual assault of black women in general and lower-class black women in particular is illustrative of how sexual ideologies help construct complex social hierarchies that in turn structure rights. How the law currently deals with rape places black women outside of the narrative frames that legitimate entitlement. Rape continues to stand in for, and effectively obscure, other social, political, and economic concerns. Unpublished and often ignored, the rape narrative is a ripe site to supply oppositional interpretations of national experience and transmit some of the structural problems in the criminal justice system. Pulling from over two thousand “real” rape cases of low-income black women ignored and not investigated in Philadelphia between 1995 and 2000, this article reads black female rape narratives as case studies in order to discuss the way personal narratives of rape victims are structured by competing and overwhelming sociolegal narratives that undercut their reception. As the fastest growing prison population, the presence of the law to punish black women stands in stark contrast to the absence of the law to protect them.

Cette thèse fait l'analyse de la radio anglophone « Top 40 » à Montréal, en mettant l'accent sur la sexospécificité des animateurs et des auditeurs. En étudiant l'histoire de la radio commerciale, et les liens entre la radio et les femmes, ce travail démontre que les postes de radio ne faisaient pas plus que maintenant une programmation basée sur une compréhension réelle de leurs auditeurs, mais plutôt sur une idée virtuelle de leur auditoire-cible. Ceci traduit une manière conservatrice d'imaginer un auditoire féminin et une programmation qui ne respecte pas réellement les vrais intérêts des femmes.

The current study examined the role of gender atypical self-presentation on the alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana use, as well as symptoms of substance abuse/misuse, of an ethnically diverse sample of 76 young (ages 14-21 years) lesbian and bisexual women who were interviewed between 1993 and 1995 in New York City. Even after controlling for age, sexual identity, and social desirability, young butch women reported drinking alcohol more frequently and in greater quantity, smoking more cigarettes, and using marijuana more frequently than young femme women. Experiences of gay-related stressful events, internalized homophobia, and emotional distress were found to largely account for the butch/femme differences in tobacco and marijuana use, but not in higher levels of alcohol use. Despite the small convenience sample, these findings suggest that intervention efforts to address the higher levels of substance use among young lesbian and bisexual women may increase effectiveness by also addressing experiences of gay-related stress and emotional distress of young butch women. The study's limitations are noted

A quiet revolution is occurring in Canada's First Nations communities, with changes taking place on social, political, and economic fronts and a significant redistribution of power. Changes to the Indian Act in 1951 paved the way for women to become officially involved in reserve politics, and with governments responding to the demand of First Nations for self-government, positions once held exclusively by men are now being filled by women. Beginning with Elsie Knott, the first female chief in Canada, Cora Voyageur presents the lives of sixty-four of the ninety women chiefs who have assumed the traditionally male role of elected First Nations leadership. Using a range of qualitative research strategies, surveys, participant observation, interviews, and discussions with focus groups, Voyageur presents the colonial histories behind the issues that contemporary Aboriginal communities struggle with and delineates the resulting leadership dilemmas for chiefs, while also articulating a story that is unique to First Nations women. Voyageur asks women chiefs about what inspired them to become leaders, how they've maintained their priorities, and the personal and professional costs and rewards involved in their positions. Firekeepers of the Twenty-First Century is a groundbreaking work that examines the experiences of women as they negotiate multiple roles and navigate the worlds of gender, race, and reserve politics.