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L'expression littéraire est un acte puissant par lequel un être construit son identité à la fois individuellement et collectivement. Dans le contexte de la francophonie, cet acte identitaire est d'autant plus paradoxal que la langue utilisée est le français et que la littérature francophone émerge, lors de la colonisation, dans un environnement multiculturel, à partir de la déconstruction d'une littérature dominante. Afin d'interroger les multiples processus intervenant dans la constitution de l'identité francophone, un colloque a eu lieu à l'université de Pau en 1998. Il s'est achevé par une table ronde qui a réuni trois écrivains francophones : Rachid Boudjedra, Pius Ngandu Nkaashama et Tierno Monénembo qui ont évoqué la relation qu'ils entretiennent avec la langue et l'écriture. Cet ouvrage rassemble les interventions des participants à ce colloque. Tout au long de ces journées, l'identité francophone est apparue comme une configuration d'éléments multiples où la langue remplit une fonction importante. Elle ne suffit cependant pas à fonder le discours identitaire dans la mesure où elle n'est qu'un isntrument au service des écrivains. D'autres éléments apparaissent, en effet, déterminants dans l'élaboration de cette identité, éléments indissociables de l'Histoire et des développements propres à chaque société. De ce fait, l'espace littéraire francophone apparaît décentré par rapport à la langue française car il fait entendre de nouvelles voix à la périphérie de l'aire linguistique du français. Ce qui démontre, si cela était nécessaire, la richesse et la complexité de la littérature francophone, qui constitue d'une certaine façon, le laboratoire de la culture post-moderne du vingt-et-unième siècle.

Feminist and multiculturalist efforts to uncover the assumptions underpinning the production of art have transformed our understanding of visual culture. The field of art history, however, continues to downplay the race and gender politics informing its own interpretative practices. With Other Eyes brings together leading cultural theorists to demonstrate how feminist, postcolonial, and antiracist concerns can successfully and imaginatively be incorporated into the study of art. Rejecting strict definitions of “high art,” the contributors add photography, installation art, and film to the list of more conventional art forms to examine, for example, the construction of black femininity as influenced by Josephine Baker, Grace Jones, and the women depicted in Picasso’s Les Desmoiselles d’Avignon;the nationalist and class premises in nineteenth-century British Museum guidebooks; and the gendered visions of colonial discourse in advertisements for Ralph Lauren and the Body Shop.

Bien que l’on situe habituellement l’émergence du mouvement de l’écriture des femmes au milieu des années 1970, la production littéraire des femmes connaît une hausse importante en 1961 et la majorité de ces oeuvres, à l’instar de celles des hommes, participent d’un mouvement d’émancipation. Une relecture au féminin permet de déceler la portée contestataire contenue dans les oeuvres des femmes dès le début des années soixante. Durant la Révolution tranquille, pendant que les écrivains élaborent le « roman national », les femmes écrivent le « récit féminin ». Si l’écriture masculine tente d’affirmer sa québécitude et de s’émanciper du colonialisme, l’écriture des femmes tente d’affirmer sa spécificité sexuelle et de s’émanciper du patriarcat. Toutefois, les instances de réception critique ne perçoivent pas cette voix divergente, tout occupées qu’elles sont à détecter les signes de l’affirmation nationale.

Dresse un panorama complet des arts vivants depuis 1960 : happenings, théâtre et opéra d'avant-garde, danse contemporaine, art vidéo, installations multimédias. Yves Klein, Joseph Beuys, Robert Wilson, Tadeusz Kantor, Pina Bausch, Gilbert & George, Philippe Decouflé, entre autres, sont évoqués. L'ouvrage est illustré d'oeuvres européennes, américaines, japonaises et australiennes.

This book explores the new performativity in art theory and practice, examining ways of rethinking interpretive processes in visual culture. Since the 1960s, visual art practices - from body art to minimalism - have taken contemporary art outside the museum and gallery; by embracing theatricality and performance and exploding the boundaries set by traditional art criticism. The contributors argue that interpretation needs to be recognised as much more dynamic and contingent. Offering its own performance script, and embracing both canonical fine artists such as Manet, De Kooning and Jasper Johns, and performance artists such as Vito Acconci and Gunter Brus, this book offers radical re-readings of art works and points confidently towards new models for understanding art.

« Les morts ne nous lâchent pas, dis-je à mon ami Sirius en rangeant les lettres de mon père dans un tiroir. C'est le supplice de Mézence que j'endure, attachée à un mort, main contre main, bouche contre bouche, dans un triste embrassement. Les lettres ont cessé d'arriver du pays de mon enfance. Celui qui les écrivait est mort d'une mort solitaire et enterré au bord d'un cours d'eau. Mais il est là, sa peau touche ma peau, mon haleine donne vie à ses lèvres. Il est là, dis-je à Sirius, quand je te parle, quand je mange, quand je dors, quand je me promène. Il me semble que je suis morte, tandis que mon père, ce mort qui ne me laisse pas en paix, déborde de vie. Il me possède, me suce le sang, me ronge les os, se nourrit de mes pensées. »

In this major book, Griselda Pollock engages boldly in the culture wars over `what is the canon?` and `what difference can feminism make?` Do we simply reject the all-male line-up and satisfy our need for ideal egos with an all women litany of artistic heroines? Or is the question a chance to resist the phallocentric binary and allow the ambiguities and complexities of desire - subjectivity and sexuality - to shape the readings of art that constantly displace the present gender demarcations?

Are the “culture wars” over? When did they begin? What is their relationship to gender struggle and the dynamics of class? In her first full treatment of postcolonial studies, a field that she helped define, Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, one of the world’s foremost literary theorists, poses these questions from within the postcolonial enclave. “We cannot merely continue to act out the part of Caliban,” Spivak writes; and her book is an attempt to understand and describe a more responsible role for the postcolonial critic. A Critique of Postcolonial Reason tracks the figure of the “native informant” through various cultural practices—philosophy, history, literature—to suggest that it emerges as the metropolitan hybrid. The book addresses feminists, philosophers, critics, and interventionist intellectuals, as they unite and divide. It ranges from Kant’s analytic of the sublime to child labor in Bangladesh. Throughout, the notion of a Third World interloper as the pure victim of a colonialist oppressor emerges as sharply suspect: the mud we sling at certain seemingly overbearing ancestors such as Marx and Kant may be the very ground we stand on. A major critical work, Spivak’s book redefines and repositions the postcolonial critic, leading her through transnational cultural studies into considerations of globality.

A travers l'étude notamment de la "queer theory" de M. Foucault et de la psychanalyse, de la politique du sadomasochisme et de l'image du hors-la-loi gay chez Proust, Gide et Genet, l'auteur propose une réflexion critique sur l'identité homosexuelle et les dangers du repli communautaire. C'est aussi une introduction aux débats autour des "gays studies" qui, après les USA, se développent en Europe

Une sélection d'autoportraits féminins empruntés à toute l'histoire de l'art, de la religieuse anonyme qui glissa son effigie dans la lettrine d'un manuscrit du XIIe siècle à Cindy Sherman et ses photogrammes révélateurs des visions stéréotypées de la femme, en passant par Sofonisba Anguissola, Artemisia Gentileschi, Elisabeth Vigée-Lebrun, Frida Kahlo, Hannah Wilke, etc.

During the 1930s and 1940s, women artists associated with the Surrealist movement produced a significant body of self-images that have no equivalent among the works of their male colleagues. While male artists exalted Woman's otherness in fetishized images, women artists explored their own subjective worlds. The self-images of Claude Cahun, Dorothea Tanning, Leonora Carrington, Frida Kahlo, Meret Oppenheim, Remedios Varo, Kay Sage and others both internalize and challenge conventions for representing femininity, the female body, and female subjectivity. Many of the representational strategies employed by these pioneers continue to resonate in the work of contemporary women artists. The words "Surrealist" and "surrealism" appear frequently in discussions of such contemporary artists as Louise Bourgeois, Ana Mendieta, Cindy Sherman, Francesca Woodman, Kiki Smith, Dorothy Cross, Michiko Kon and Paula Santigo. This book, which accompanies an exhibition organized by the MIT List Visual Art Center, explores specific aspects of the relationship between historic and contemporary work in the context of Surrealism. The contributors re-examine art historical assumptions about gender, identity, and integenerational legacies within modernist and postmodernist frameworks. Questions raised include: how did women in both groups draw from their experiences of gender and sexuality? What do contemporary artistic practices involving the use of body images owe to the earlier examples of both female and male Surrealists? What is the relationship between self-image and self-knowledge. (source: Nielsen Book Data)

An examination of the social and cultural significance of body art by a major new voice. The past few years have seen an explosion of interest in body art, in which the artist's body is integral to the work of art. With the revoking of NEA funding for such artists as Karen Finley, Tim Miller, and others, public awareness and media coverage of body-oriented performances have increased. Yet the roots of body art extend to the 1960s and before. In this definitive book, Amelia Jones explores body art projects from the 1960s and 1970s and relates their impact to the work of body artists active today, providing a new conceptual framework for defining postmodernism in the visual arts. Jones begins with a discussion of the shifting intellectual terrain of the 1950s and 1960s, focusing on the work of Ana Mendieta. Moving to an examination of the reception of Jackson Pollock's "performative" acts of painting, she argues that Pollock is a pivotal figure between modernism and postmodernism. The book continues with explorations of Vito Acconci and Hannah Wilke, whose practices exemplify a new kind of performance that arose in the late 1960s, one that represents a dramatic shift in the conception of the artistic subject. Jones then surveys the work of a younger generation of artists -- including Laurie Anderson, Orlan, Maureen Connor, Lyle Ashton Harris, Laura Aguilar, and Bob Flanagan -- whose recent work integrates technology and issues of identity to continue to expand the critique begun in earlier body art projects. Embracing an exhilarating mix of methodologies and perspectives (including feminism, queer theory, philosophy, psychoanalysis, and literary theory), this rigorous and elegantexamination of body art provides rich historical insight and essential context that rethinks the parameters of postmodern culture.

Colonialism/Postcolonialism est un guide complet mais accessible sur les dimensions historiques, théoriques et politiques des études coloniales et postcoloniales. Ania Loomba examines the key features of the ideologies and history of colonialism, and the relationship of colonial discourse to literature. She goes on to consider the challenges to colonialism, surveying anti-colonial discourses, and recent developments in postcolonial theories and histories. Looking at how sexuality is figured in the texts of colonialism, Colonialism/Postcolonialism shows how contemporary feminist ideas and concepts intersect with those of postcolonialist thought

This landmark collaboration between African American and white feminists goes to the heart of problems that have troubled feminist thinking for decades. Putting the racial dynamics of feminist interpretation center stage, these essays question such issues as the primacy of sexual difference, the universal nature of psychoanalytic categories, and the role of race in the formation of identity. They offer new ways of approaching African American texts and reframe our thinking about the contexts, discourses, and traditions of the American cultural landscape. Calling for the racialization of whiteness and claiming that psychoanalytic theory should make room for competing discourses of spirituality and diasporic consciousness, these essays give shape to the many stubborn incompatibilities―as well as the transformative possibilities―between white feminist and African American cultural formations. Bringing into conversation a range of psychoanalytic, feminist, and African-derived spiritual perspectives, these essays enact an inclusive politics of reading. Often explosive and always provocative, Female Subjects in Black and White models a new cross-racial feminism.

The last two decades have seen a resurgence of critical and popular attention to Virginia Woolf's life and work. Such traditional institutions as The New York Review of Books now pair her with William Shakespeare in promotional advertisements; her face is used to sell everything from Barnes & Noble books to Bass Ale. Virginia Woolf: Lesbian Readings represents the first book devoted to Woolf's lesbianism. Divided into two sections, Lesbian Intersections and Lesbian Readings of Woolf's Novels, these essays focus on how Woolf's private and public experience and knowledge of same-sex love influences her shorter fiction and novels. Lesbian Intersections includes personal narratives that trace the experience of reading Woolf through the 60s, 70s, 80s, and 90s. Lesbian Readings of Woolf's Novels provides lesbian interpretations of the individual novels, including Orlando, The Waves, and The Years. Breaking new ground in our understanding of the role Woolf's love for women plays in her major writing, these essays shift the emphasis of lesbian interpretations from Woolf's life to her work.

Siopis has always engaged in a critical and controversial way with the concepts of ‘race’ and ‘ethnicity’ in South Africa. For politically sensitive artists whose work has involved confronting the injustices of apartheid, the current post-apartheid situation has forced a reassessment of their practice and the terms on which they might engage with the fundamental changes which are now affecting all of South African society. Where mythologies of race and ethnicity have been strategically foregrounded in the art of any engaged artist, to the exclusion of many other concerns, the demise of apartheid offers the possibility of exploring other dimensions of lived experience in South Africa. For feminists, this is potentially a very positive moment when questions of gender – so long subordinated to the structural issue of ‘race’ under apartheid – can now be explored. Penny Siopis’ work has long been concerned with the lived and historical relations between black and white women in South Africa. The discussion focuses on the ambivalent and dependent relationships formed between white middle-class women and black domestic labour during apartheid. Siopis’ work engages with how the appropriation of black women's time, lives, labour and bodies has shaped her ‘own’ history.