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The veiling of Muslim women is subject to strongly contested ideas about whether the veil is a symbol of women's subordination to an oppressive tradition or a means of emancipation from that tradition. This article suggests that women's own personal reasons for veiling must be analysed. Data collected from published documents from Muslim organizations allows for demonstration that the veil is configured as central to an Islamic moral code of female modesty. A further analysis of findings from interviews conducted with veiled Muslim women in Winnipeg shows the nuanced ways in which women enact this code.
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Abstract This issue on South Asian transnational marriages brings diverse practices and networks into detailed ethnographic focus. Gender and agency are key themes explored in the collection, as well as the potential and actual transformation of gendered status resulting from marrying a migrant or joining a spouse overseas. The introduction identifies some common threads. Several articles challenge the assumption of wives' passivity in arranged marriages or in their joining husbands overseas, while one highlights the less-documented experiences of men who migrate to join wives working abroad. The collection also offers insights into the cultural and emotional reasons for such marriages, complementing analyses that stress strategic motivations, and noting the emotional consequences of separation and new household formations for the experiences of marriage and parenthood. Marriage emerges as an important means of producing and transforming transnational networks, while marriage practices and dynamics are themselves transformed in the process.
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In this article I explore marriage as a strategy of family migration among a transnational community of middle-class Jat Sikhs. Family reunification and status aspirations are examined as central concerns of the transnational movement of Jat Sikhs from India to Canada. It is argued that Jat Sikh transnationalism and gender are mutually-constitutive: migration strategies can construct women, as well as men, as agents of marital citizenship, and in facilitating migration, transnational marriage may transform practices and notions of gender and status. The article is based on preliminary ethnographic research among Jat Sikh brides in Toronto and Vancouver, and forms part of a larger study of gender, modernity and identity in Indo-Canadian Jat Sikh marriages.
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L’autrice part du concept d’« orientalisme » tel qu’il a été élaboré par Edward Saïd pour montrer que ce processus « d’altérisation » mené par l’Occident doit être mis en parallèle avec un processus symétrique, mené par les pays arabo-musulmans et qu’elle nomme « Occidentalisme ». En effet, chacun de ces grands ensembles politiques se sert du principe du respect des femmes pour plaider sa supériorité culturelle par rapport à l’autre. Dans les deux configurations, ce principe vise par ailleurs d’autres finalités : celle de convaincre « ses propres » femmes des avantages que leur octroie le système d’oppression dans lequel elles se trouvent insérées. Dans le cas de l’Occident, le crédit accordé à sa « position de supériorité » est encore renforcé par l’idéologie du progrès par le développement, un discours qui présuppose que la situation des femmes ne peut que s’améliorer avec l’avancement techno-économique d’une société.