Votre recherche

Are sex and gender really two different things? How malleable is gender identity? Do both gender and sex have to be conceptualized as binaries—as having two distinct but complementary categories? Should we emphasize gender differences, or is that the wrong question? When should we call a gender difference “small”? Are women really “nonaggressive” or does that label stem from stereotyping? How does subtle or “modern” sexism work on its targets? Scholarship on these and other gender-related questions has exploded in recent years. Hilary Lips synthesizes that research for students in an accessible and readable way. Concepts on sex and gender are presented with the social context in which they were developed. As in previous editions, Lips takes a multicultural approach, discussing the gender experiences of people from a wide range of races, cultures, socioeconomic statuses, and gender and sexual identities. She emphasizes empirical research but takes a critical approach to that research.

An inclusive and accessible resource on the interdisciplinary study of gender and sexuality Companion to Sexuality Studies explores the significant theories, concepts, themes, events, and debates of the interdisciplinary study of sexuality in a broad range of cultural, social, and political contexts. Bringing together essays by an international team of experts from diverse academic backgrounds, this comprehensive volume provides original insights and fresh perspectives on the history and institutional regulatory processes that socially construct sex and sexuality and examines the movements for social justice that advance sexual citizenship and reproductive rights. Detailed yet accessible chapters explore the intersection of sexuality studies and fields such as science, health, psychology, economics, environmental studies, and social movements over different periods of time and in different social and national contexts. Divided into five parts, the Companion first discusses the theoretical and methodological diversity of sexuality studies.Subsequent chapters address the fields of health, science and psychology, religion, education and the economy. They also include attention to sexuality as constructed in popular culture, as well as global activism, sexual citizenship, policy, and law. An essential overview and an important addition to scholarship in the field, this book: Draws on international, postcolonial, intersectional, and interdisciplinary insights from scholars working on sexuality studies around the world Provides a comprehensive overview of the field of sexuality studies Offers a diverse range of topics, themes, and perspectives from leading authorities Focuses on the study of sexuality from the late nineteenth century to the present Includes an overview of the history and academic institutionalization of sexuality studies The Companion to Sexuality Studies is an indispensable resource for scholars, researchers, instructors, and students in gender, sexuality, and feminist studies, interdisciplinary programs in cultural studies, international studies, and human rights, as well as disciplines such as anthropology, psychology, history, education, human geography, political science, and sociology.

"Gender: Psychological Perspectives" synthesizes the latest research on gender to help students think critically about the differences between research findings and stereotypes, provoking them to examine and revise their own preconceptions. The text examines the behavioral, biological, and social contexts in which women and men express gendered behaviors. The text's unique pedagogical program helps students understand the portrayal of gender in the media and the application of gender research in the real world. -- From publisher's description. Contenu : Preface -- Acknowledgements -- About the author -- The study of gender -- Researching sex and gender -- Gender stereotypes: masculinity and femininity -- Hormones and chromosomes -- Theories of gender development -- Developing gender identity -- Intelligence and cognitive abilities -- Emotion -- Relationships -- Sexuality -- School -- Careers and work -- Health and fitness -- Stress, coping, and psychopathology -- Treatment for mental disorders -- How different? -- References -- Index.

This article provides an overview on reproductive and sexual health of people with physical disabilities in developed and underdeveloped countries from 1995 to 2011. Based on the metasynthesis approach, the authors reviewed 15 qualitative studies. These studies were searched using Medline, CINAHL, CINAHL (health), ProQuest Central, Google Scholar, Cochrane, Embase, Informit Health, Sciences Direct, Pubmed, Pubmed Health, AAHD (abstracts), ProQuest Journal (sexuality and disability) and were also manually searched. All studies were judged on their qualities using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme. Reproductive health, sexual attractiveness and experiences, reproductive and sexual health knowledge, and dealing with reproductive and sexual health issues were four main themes that emerged from these studies. This paper proposes a new model to explain the factors that impacted the reproductive and sexual life of people with physical disabilities: internal and external factors. Implications for health and social care are discussed in light of the findings.

In this ground-breaking new work, Dan Goodley makes the case for a novel, distinct, intellectual, and political project – dis/ability studies – an orientation that might encourage us to think again about the phenomena of disability and ability. Drawing on a range of interdisciplinary areas, including sociology, psychology, education, policy and cultural studies, this much needed text takes the most topical and important issues in critical disability theory, and pushes them into new theoretical territory. Goodley argues that we are entering a time of dis/ability studies, when both categories of disability and ability require expanding upon as a response to the global politics of neoliberal capitalism. Divided into two parts, the first section traces the dual processes of ableism and disablism, suggesting that one cannot exist without the other, and makes the case for a research-driven and intersectional analysis of dis/ability. The second section applies this new analytical framework to a range of critical topics, including: The biopolitics of dis/ability and debility Inclusive education Psychopathology Markets, communities and civil society. Dis/ability Studies provides much needed depth, texture and analysis in this emerging discipline. This accessible text will appeal to students and researchers of disability across a range of disciplines, as well as disability activists, policymakers, and practitioners working directly with disabled people.

Les différences psychologiques entre les sexes suscitent un intérêt considérable, tant dans les milieux de la recherche que dans les médias. On ne compte plus le nombre de publications scientifiques, d’ouvrages de vulgarisation ou de reportages consacrés à ces questions. Pourtant, une large part de l’information diffusée tient davantage du préjugé, du parti pris idéologique, que d’une démarche scientifique rigoureuse. Les femmes seraient ainsi plus douces, mieux disposées à prendre soin des autres, incapables de lire une carte routière, alors que les hommes seraient bons en maths, compétitifs, plus agressifs. Comment expliquer la persistance de tels mythes aujourd’hui encore ?C’est de ce constat, et d’un certain sentiment d’exaspération, qu’est né le présent ouvrage. Il réunit des chercheures de différentes disciplines : neurobiologie, psychologie, sociologie, science politique. S’appuyant, notamment, sur les données les plus récentes en neurosciences et en psychologie comparée des sexes, ces dernières proposent une synthèse des connaissances actuelles et une réflexion sur la différenciation psychologique des sexes, sur l’orientation sexuelle et sur les notions de sexe et de genre inspirée des textes d’auteures féministes. Il ne s’agit plus de savoir si le cerveau a un sexe, mais si cette question est pertinente et, surtout, pour qui ? Des textes de Line Chamberland, professeure au département de sexologie de l’UQAM et titulaire de la Chaire de recherche sur l’homophobie de l’UQAM ; Louise Cossette, professeure au département de psychologie de l’UQAM et membre de l’Institut de recherches et d’études féministes (IREF) de l’UQAM ; Chantal Maillé, professeure à l’Institut Simone de Beauvoir à l’Université Concordia et Catherine Vidal, neurobiologiste, directrice de recherche à l’Institut Pasteur de Paris.

"Les différences psychologiques entre les sexes suscitent un intérêt considérable, tant dans les milieux de la recherche que dans les médias. On ne compte plus le nombre de publications scientifiques, d'ouvrages de vulgarisation ou de reportages consacrés à ces questions. Pourtant, une large part de l'information diffusée tient davantage du préjugé, du parti pris idéologique, que d'une démarche scientifique rigoureuse. Les femmes seraient ainsi plus douces, mieux disposées à prendre soin des autres, incapables de lire une carte routière, alors que les hommes seraient bons en maths, compétitifs, plus agressifs. Comment expliquer la persistance de tels mythes aujourd'hui encore ? C'est de ce constat, et d'un certain sentiment d'exaspération, qu'est né le présent ouvrage. Il réunit des chercheures de différentes disciplines : neurobiologie, psychologie, sociologie, science politique. S'appuyant, notamment, sur les données les plus récentes en neurosciences et en psychologie comparée des sexes, ces dernières proposent une synthèse des connaissances actuelles et une réflexion sur la différenciation psychologique des sexes, sur l'orientation sexuelle et sur les notions de sexe et de genre inspirée des textes d'auteures féministes. Il ne s'agit plus de savoir si le cerveau a un sexe, mais si cette question est pertinente et, surtout, pour qui ?"--Page 4 de la couverture.

Caucasian-, Hispanic-, and Asian-American male and female students (n = 764) attending a California (USA) public university reported their perceptions of sexual assault. After reading a rape vignette, participants gave their impressions of the victim; estimated time needed for recovery and treatment; and recommended a sentence for the assailant. Half of the sample received information regarding state sentencing guidelines. Relative to female participants, males perceived the victim as more responsible. Caucasian-American males had stronger reservation about the victim’s judgment. Males were less inclined to assign blame than were females. Ethnicity was the only factor influencing perceptions of recovery. Ethnicity and sentencing guidelines, but not gender, impacted imprisonment decisions. Issues impeding a unified theoretical understanding of perceptions of rape victims were considered.

Dans ce manuel de traitement de pointe, Lenore E. A. Walker soutient que les psychothérapies traditionnelles pour les victimes de traumatismes ont été insuffisantes pour traiter les femmes maltraitées. Alors que le problème de la violence à l'égard des femmes continue de tourmenter la société, couvrant tous les secteurs démographiques, Walker décrit des modifications essentielles à la pratique traditionnelle qui permettront aux praticiens de travailler plus efficacement avec les femmes victimes de violence. Ces modifications aboutissent à une compilation intégrée des stratégies d'évaluation et d'intervention les plus réussies, appelées « thérapie de survivant ». La thérapie des femmes maltraitées et des survivants discute des principales formes de violence subies par les femmes : viol et agression sexuelle, coups de feu, abus sexuels commis par des thérapeutes et discrimination/harcèlement sexuel sur le lieu de travail. Walker examine les effets du sexe, de la race, de l'ethnicité, de la culture et de l'orientation sexuelle sur chaque forme d'abus ; discute des considérations cliniques et des approches de traitement ; évalue les instruments d'évaluation couramment utilisés ; et analyse les problèmes médico-légaux dans les cas impliquant la violence contre les femmes. Walker soutient que les modèles de traitement réussis doivent tenir compte de l'impact spécifique des diverses formes d'abus, de la réponse psychologique unique de l'individu au monde, de l'impact de la socialisation traditionnelle des femmes et des hommes, et du transfert de thérapeutes et du contre-transfert. Ces considérations peuvent être appliquées au cours d'une thérapie qui cherche à réautonomiser les femmes maltraitées en les aidant à retrouver leur estime de soi, à rétablir des relations saines et à retrouver un sentiment de contrôle et de choix dans leur vie. La thérapie des femmes maltraitées et des survivants aide les praticien.nes nouvellement formé.e.s ainsi que le praticien.ne expérimenté.e à identifier, évaluer et traiter les femmes qui ont été maltraitées physiquement, sexuellement ou psychologiquement.

Some members of stigmatized groups, such as Asian women, may be more likely to experience negative self-evaluations after exposure to a mainstream beauty standard than members of other stigmatized groups, such as Black women. In this study, 54 Asian women, 52 Black women, and 64 White women, were exposed to mainstream standards of beauty and compared themselves to these idealized images. It was hypothesized that although Black women would find these comparisons irrelevant, Asian women would see these targets as relevant for their comparisons, reflecting their striving for mainstream beauty standards. The results indicated that Black women did not find mainstream standards as relevant to themselves, and reported positive self-evaluations generally and about their bodies in particular. Asian women, on the other hand, responded differently than Black women and were more likely to endorse mainstream beauty standards in a similar fashion to White women. As predicted, Asian women also experienced greater dissatisfaction with their bodies than did Black women.

Woman is a fascinating, fact-filled guide that covers everything from organs to orgasms, hormones to hysterectomies. With her characteristic clarity, insight, and sheer exuberance of language, bestselling author Natalie Angier cuts through the still-prevalent myths and misinformation surrounding the female body, that most enigmatic of evolutionary masterpieces. With a witty and assured narrative, and a reader-friendly dose of science, Woman is an essential and engaging resource for all time.

From the moment intersexuality-the condition of having physical gender markers (genitals, gonads, or chromosomes) that are neither clearly female nor male-is suspected and diagnosed, social institutions are mobilized in order to maintain the two seemingly objective sexual categories. Infants' bodies are altered, and what was "ambiguous" is made "normal." Kessler's interviews with pediatric surgeons and endocrinologists reveal how the intersex condition is normalized for parents and she argues that the way in which intersexuality is managed by the medical and psychological professions displays our culture's beliefs about gender and genitals. Parents of intersexed children are rarely heard from, but in this book they provide another perspective on reasons for genital surgeries and the quality of medical and psychological management. Although physicians educate parents about how to think about their children's condition, Kessler learned from parents of intersexed children that some parents are able to accept atypical genitals. Based on analysis of the medical literature and interview with adults who had received treatment as interesexed children, Kessler proposes new approaches for physicians to use in talking with parents and children. She also evaluates the appearance of a politicized vanguard, many of who are promoting an intersexual identity, who seek to alter the way physicians respond to intersexuality. Kessler explores the possibilities and implications of suspending a commitment to two "natural" genders and addresses gender destabilization issues arising from intersexuality. She thus compels readers to re-think the meaning of gender, genitals, and sexuality.

"Taking on those who would limit sexual freedom, New Sexual Agendas challenges the notion that there are fixed sexual behaviors for men and women. This engaging collection draws on a number of disciplines including women's studies, literature, gender studies, cultural studies, history, politics, education, sociology, and psychology."

Test de préjugés inconscients