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À partir de 22 entretiens et de 243 questionnaires d’enquête complétés par des enseignants du secondaire du Québec (Canada), cet article interroge l’existence de normes relatives au genre et à l’orientation sexuelle en milieu scolaire. Les résultats suggèrent que les pratiques professionnelles des enseignant(e)s, tant lesbiennes, gais et bisexuels (LGB) qu’hétérosexuel(le)s concernant l’homophobie et la diversité sexuelle sont influencées par ces normes. Trente ans après les premiers travaux sur le vécu des enseignants LGB, la littérature sur le coming out demeure centrale pour comprendre les pratiques professionnelles de ceux-ci ainsi que leurs appréhensions. Based on 22 interviews and 243 survey questionnaires filled out by high school teachers in Québec (Canada), this paper questions the existence of norms relating to gender and sexual orientation in schools. Results suggest that teachers’ professional practices regarding homophobia and sexual diversity are influenced by these norms, whether they identify as heterosexual or as lesbian, gay or bisexual (LGB). Thirty years after the first studies on LGB teachers’ experiences, the coming out literature remains central to the understanding of teachers’ apprehensions and fears, as well as their pedagogical practices.
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This article explores the ways in which teachers describe their pedagogical and intervention practices relative to sexual diversity in Québec (Canada). Three variables closely associated with teachers who report inclusive practices emerge: experiential training (based on the experience of a lesbian, gay, or bisexual [LGB] teacher), contact training (from close acquaintance with LGB individuals), and professional training. These factors impact the probability that a teacher will refer to homosexuality, intervene when homophobic incidents occur to deconstruct prejudices, and become the confidant of LGBQ students. Results are discussed based on research on minority teachers and on the roles of straight allies in education.