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Griselda Pollock provides concrete historical analyses of key moments in the formation of modern culture to reveal the sexual politics at the heart of modernist art. Crucially, she not only explores a feminist re-reading of the works of canonical male Impressionist and Pre-Raphaelite artists including Edgar Degas and Dante Gabriel Rossetti, but also re-inserts into art history their female contemporaries - women artists such as Berthe Morisot and Mary Cassatt. Pollock discusses the work of women artists such as Mary Kelly and Yve Lomax, highlighting the problems of working in a culture where the feminine is still defined as the object of the male gaze.
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In this major book, Griselda Pollock engages boldly in the culture wars over `what is the canon?` and `what difference can feminism make?` Do we simply reject the all-male line-up and satisfy our need for ideal egos with an all women litany of artistic heroines? Or is the question a chance to resist the phallocentric binary and allow the ambiguities and complexities of desire - subjectivity and sexuality - to shape the readings of art that constantly displace the present gender demarcations?
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In Generations and Geographies, the challenge of contemporary feminist theory encounters the provocation of the visual arts made by women in the twentieth century. The major issue is difference: sexual, cultural and social. Generations points to the singularity of each artist's creative negotiation of time and historical and political circumstance; Geographies calls attention to the significance of place, location and cultural diversity, connecting issues of sexuality to those of nationality, imperialism, migration, diaspora and genocide.Generations and Geographies is framed by theoretical debates in cultural analysis by Griselda Pollock, Mieke Bal, Elisabeth Bronfen and Irit Rogoff, and two historical analyses of representations of the female nude by Rosemary Betterton and Nanette Salomon. Essays on international contemporary art discuss artistic practice by women working in both western and non-western contexts, focusing on themes of the mother, the body, the land and history/memory. The artists discussed include the French performance artist Orlan, the Cuban American artist Ana Mendieta and Jenny Saville from Britain, the Chilean artist Cecilia Vicuna, Shimada Yoshiko from Japan, the Korean artist Re-Hyun Park and the Korean/Canadian artist Jin-me Yoon, Bracha Lichtenberg Ettinger from Israel and the American artist Cindy Sherman. British/Zanzibari artist Lubaina Himid provides specially commissioned artists' pages on the theme of history, location and displacement.
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How was it possible, by the later twentieth century, to have erased women as artists from art history so comprehensively that the idea of 'the artist' was exclusively masculine? Why was this erasure more radical in the twentieth century than ever before? Why is everything that compromises greatness in art coded as 'feminine'? Has the feminist critique of Art History yet effected real change? With a new Preface by Griselda Pollock, this new edition of a truly groundbreaking book offers a radical challenge to a women-free Art History. Parker and Pollock's critique of Art History's sexism leads to expanded, inclusive readings of the art of the past. They demonstrate how the changing historical social realities of gender relations and women artists' translation of gendered conditions into their works provide keys to novel understandings of why we might study the art of the past. They go further to show how such knowledge enables us to understand art by contemporary artists who are women and can contribute to the changing self-perception and creative work of artists today.
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Dans ce texte, tiré du premier chapitre de son livre Differencing the Canon (1999) [1], Griselda Pollock propose un véritable programme de recherche pour repenser l’histoire de l’art comme discipline. En s’appuyant notamment sur les travaux de la philosophe et psychanalyste Sarah Kofman et sur les recherches menées par les théoriciennes féministes de l’art depuis trente ans, elle s’interroge sur le rôle que le féminisme, le genre et les études postcoloniales ont pu et peuvent encore avoir dans la redéfinition du ‘canon’ à la fois andro et ethnocentré qui structure toujours notre appréhension de la création et de la figure ‘du’ créateur, via les disciplines artistiques et les institutions culturelles.[1] Traduction française pour les Cahiers du Genre du chapitre 1 de Differencing the Canon: Feminist Desire and the Writing of Art’s Histories (London & New York, Routledge, 1999, p. 3-21), publiée avec l’aimable autorisation de Griselda Pollock et de son éditeur. Pour des raisons de place, certains passages, indiqués par des […], ont été coupés.