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Cette dissertation se penche sur les interactions entre le jazz, l'identité, la nation et la modernité durant le soi-disant âge d'or du jazz à Montréal (1925-1955). À la croisée de la musicologie, des études de la condition féminine (études féministes noires et méthodes de recherche féministes en particulier), des études des médias et des études culturelles, je propose une réécriture critique de l'histoire du jazz montréalais, attentive au rôle que les femmes racisées et ethnicisées ont joué dans le développement de la scène jazz, et plus largement dans la formation des identités, des plaisirs, et des sons de la modernité québécoise. Le statut particulier de Montréal comme ville-spectacle en fait un riche laboratoire pour étudier les relations de collaboration créative entre les artistes (musiciens.ennes, chanteurs.euses, danseurs.euses) actifs sur le circuit du spectacle de variété noir du début du XXe siècle. Cette recherche met également en lumière la relation discursive qu'entretiennent le jazz et le vice dans l'entre-deux-guerres québécois, en particulier quant à l'incarnation sexuée et racisée de la moralité. Finalement, cette dissertation présente la première écoute critique ainsi que les premières notes biographiques détaillées d'artistes féminines de jazz montréalaises telles que les pianistes Vera Guilaroff et Ilene Bourne, des ensembles féminins comme les Sœurs Spencer et le Montreal Melody Girls Orchestra, des danseuses et chanteuses de variété noires telles que Tina Baines Brereton, Bernice Jordan Whims, Mary Brown, Natalie Ramirez, et Marie-Claire Germain, ainsi que l'enseignante de piano Daisy Peterson Sweeney et les enseignantes de danse Ethel Bruneau et Olga Spencer Foderingham.
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The inequalities that persist in America have deep historical roots. Evelyn Nakano Glenn untangles this complex history in a unique comparative regional study from the end of Reconstruction to the eve of World War II. During this era the country experienced enormous social and economic changes with the abolition of slavery, rapid territorial expansion, and massive immigration, and struggled over the meaning of free labor and the essence of citizenship as people who previously had been excluded sought the promise of economic freedom and full political rights.After a lucid overview of the concepts of the free worker and the independent citizen at the national level, Glenn vividly details how race and gender issues framed the struggle over labor and citizenship rights at the local level between blacks and whites in the South, Mexicans and Anglos in the Southwest, and Asians and haoles (the white planter class) in Hawaii. She illuminates the complex interplay of local and national forces in American society and provides a dynamic view of how labor and citizenship were defined, enforced, and contested in a formative era for white-nonwhite relations in America.
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Published on the occasion of a major exhibition opening at the Institute of Contemporary Art in Boston, Inside the Visible presents a gendered reading of more than thirty women artists of vastly different background and experience. The work of important yet previously "invisible" figures is highlighted alongside the work of established artists to create a retheorized interpretation of the art of this century. Structured in terms of recurrent cycles over time, Inside the Visible focuses on three periods (the 1930s and 1940s, the 1960s and 1970s, and the 1990s) that anticipated a wave of political repression, nationalism, and xenophopia, often stimulating artistic production that redefined practice. Illustrated essays document each artist in the collection. In addition, four general essays trace the connections among the artists. These take up such issues as why artistic recognition eluded certain artists and why their work is only just becoming visible today. They also address overlapping themes such as gender and sexuality; the intersection of racial, class, ethnic, sexual, and regional identities; and the nature of the relationship between work and viewer.