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Les diagnostics cliniques et les différentes nosographies psychiatriques qui ont été établies dans la deuxième moitié du XXe siècle, notamment dans les différentes éditions du manuel américain de diagnostic et statistique des troubles mentaux (DSM), montrent qu'un nombre très significatif de troubles sont envisagés comme étant genrés. Plusieurs controverses ont marqué l'histoire de ces diagnostics depuis les années 1950 : d'abord celui des sexualités et de leurs frontières floues, ensuite la notion controversée d'identité de genre, enfin la problématique des troubles périnataux. Si le principe de différentiation constitue un élément incontournable de la pensée psychiatrique, le façonnage et l'usage du concept de « genre » révèlent des tensions entre la psychiatrie et la société (notamment les mouvements gay, féministes et trans) mais aussi au sein de la psychiatrie elle-même. Il apparaît évidant que, dans les classifications psychiatriques, les normes sociales de genre sont intégrées de manière passive et acritique, au point que l'usage du concept de genre peut amener à l'inverse à renforcer la naturalisation des comportements alors même que, dans les sciences sociales, il est utilisée pour interroger et déconstruire la prétendue naturalité de la différence des sexes.
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An examination of the social and cultural significance of body art by a major new voice. The past few years have seen an explosion of interest in body art, in which the artist's body is integral to the work of art. With the revoking of NEA funding for such artists as Karen Finley, Tim Miller, and others, public awareness and media coverage of body-oriented performances have increased. Yet the roots of body art extend to the 1960s and before. In this definitive book, Amelia Jones explores body art projects from the 1960s and 1970s and relates their impact to the work of body artists active today, providing a new conceptual framework for defining postmodernism in the visual arts. Jones begins with a discussion of the shifting intellectual terrain of the 1950s and 1960s, focusing on the work of Ana Mendieta. Moving to an examination of the reception of Jackson Pollock's "performative" acts of painting, she argues that Pollock is a pivotal figure between modernism and postmodernism. The book continues with explorations of Vito Acconci and Hannah Wilke, whose practices exemplify a new kind of performance that arose in the late 1960s, one that represents a dramatic shift in the conception of the artistic subject. Jones then surveys the work of a younger generation of artists -- including Laurie Anderson, Orlan, Maureen Connor, Lyle Ashton Harris, Laura Aguilar, and Bob Flanagan -- whose recent work integrates technology and issues of identity to continue to expand the critique begun in earlier body art projects. Embracing an exhilarating mix of methodologies and perspectives (including feminism, queer theory, philosophy, psychoanalysis, and literary theory), this rigorous and elegantexamination of body art provides rich historical insight and essential context that rethinks the parameters of postmodern culture.
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For the past thirty years, Hal Foster has pushed the boundaries of cultural criticism, establishing a vantage point from which the seemingly disparate agendas of artists, patrons, and critics have a telling coherence. In The Anti-Aesthetic, preeminent critics such as Jean Baudrillard, Rosalind Krauss, Fredric Jameson, and Edward Said consider the full range of postmodern cultural production, from the writing of John Cage, to Cindy Sherman's film stills, to Barbara Kruger's collages. With a redesigned cover and a new afterword that situates the book in relation to contemporary criticism, The Anti-Aesthetic provides a strong introduction for newcomers and a point of reference for those already engaged in discussions of postmodern art, culture, and criticism. Includes a new afterword by Hal Foster and 12 black and white photographs.