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As a push against colonial forces and imperialism, homosexuality in the Middle East was historically made into an illegal identity category—one that, many argue, did not exist prior to increased contact with Western explorers and travellers. It is important to understand how the emergence of the Gay International coincided with that of Western gay sexuality studies. These issues are all at the forefront in the study of Islamicate sexualities. “Islamicate,” as defined by Marshal Hodgson, refers not directly,to the religion of Islam itself, but to the social and cultural complexities historically associated with Islam, including non-Muslims living within the same regions. Only by keeping imperialism at the forefront of the study of sexualities can we better situate how pre-modern Islamicate sexual scripts have resisted complete colonization and continue to exist in the diaspora.
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En plus d'un récit autobiographique racontant les défis qu'elle a relevés en tant que jeune immigrante musulmane d'origine marocaine arrivée au Québec en 1994, Asmaa Ibnouzahir présente également une analyse éclairante sur des questions qui reviennent souvent dans nos médias au sujet de l'islam, des femmes et de la société: les musulmans «modérés», les crimes «d'honneur», le foulard, le féminisme islamique et bien d'autres. Islamiste pour certains et hérétique pour d'autres, Asmaa Ibnouzahir partage avec nous son parcours personnel et militant qui a fait d'elle la citoyenne québécoise musulmane, féministe et indignée qu'elle est aujourd'hui. Engagée dans les débats sociopolitiques qui ont traversé le Québec au cours de la dernière décennie, sur la religion, l'immigration et les valeurs québécoises, Asmaa Ibnouzahir livre un témoignage essentiel qui donne un accès sans précédent aux coulisses de ces débats. Depuis une dizaine d'années, Asmaa Ibnouzahir est engagée dans la réflexion et les débats sociaux autour des droits de la personne, notamment sur les questions touchant autant à l'immigration et à la religion dans la sphère publique qu'au statut des femmes dans l'Islam. Elle a également voyagé et travaillé dans plus d'une quinzaine de pays en tant que spécialiste de la nutrition d'urgence humanitaire. -- [Renaud-Bray].
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This article describes a collaborative research project that took place in two south‐western US border towns and sought to understand how four muslim Footnote 1 girls (age 14–17) expressed and negotiated their bodily learning experiences. Drawing on both the work of arab–muslim critical feminist Fatima Mernissi who utilized classical Islamic tools of research and my positionalities as arabyyah‐muslimah, I used insider’s methods to discuss how three hijabs (veils) – the visual, spatial, and ethical – acted as a central genderizing discourse that challenged the girls’ learning opportunities. This article shows how the girls’ parents enforced these three hijabs; how the girls questioned and deveiled the hijabs in their dress, mobility in public places, and physical behavior around boys. This inquiry is a call for critical feminist researchers and educators to recognize how these three hijabs form a key genderizing discourse in the lives of muslim girls. It also presents the importance of: (1) working with muslim girls as agents in their own lives; (2) critical engagement with difference between researchers/educators and muslim communities; and (3) practicing a critically reflexive pedagogy of deveiling.
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The veiling of Muslim women is subject to strongly contested ideas about whether the veil is a symbol of women's subordination to an oppressive tradition or a means of emancipation from that tradition. This article suggests that women's own personal reasons for veiling must be analysed. Data collected from published documents from Muslim organizations allows for demonstration that the veil is configured as central to an Islamic moral code of female modesty. A further analysis of findings from interviews conducted with veiled Muslim women in Winnipeg shows the nuanced ways in which women enact this code.
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The practice of veiling has made Muslim women subject to dual oppressions--racism and Islamophobia--in society at large and patriarchal oppression and sexism from within their communities. Based on a narrative analysis of the politics of veiling in schools and society, the voices of young Muslim women attending a Canadian Islamic school speak to the contested notion of gender identity in Islam. The narratives situate their various articulations of Islamic womanhood in ways that both affirm and challenge traditional religious notions. At the same time they also are subject to Orientalist representations of veiled and burqa clad women that represent them as oppressed and backward. Focusing on ethnographic accounts of veiling among Muslims girls who attended a gender-segregated Islamic high school in Toronto, this discussion allows a deeper understanding of how gendered religious identities are constructed in the schooling experiences of these Muslim youth. (Contains 11 notes.)
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Black studies emerged from the tumultuous social and civil rights movements of the 1960s and empowered African Americans to look at themselves in new ways and pass on a dignified version of Black history. However, it also enriched traditional disciplines in profound and significant ways. Proponents of Black and ethnic studies confronted the false notion that scholarly investigations were objective and unbiased explorations of the range of human knowledge, history, creativity, artistry, and scientific discovery. As they protested against hegemonic notions like universal psychology and re-evaluated canonical texts in literature, a new model of academic inquiry evolved: one committed to serving a range of populations, that critiqued traditional politics, culture, and social affairs, and worked with activist energy for the transformation of the existing social order. With an all-star cast of contributors, The Black Studies Reader takes on the history and future of this multi-faceted academic field. Topics include Black feminism, cultural politics, Black activism, lesbian and gay issues, African American literature and film, education, and religion. This authoritative collection takes a critical look at the current state of Black studies and speculates on where it may go from here.