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Dans cet article, nous proposons de poser les balises d’une approche interculturelle dite critique qui dépasserait les concepts clés de l’approche interculturelle, à savoir la culture et les compétences interculturelles (Cohen-Emerique et Rothberg, 2015; Legault, 2000). Au-delà de la considération des aspects communicationnels et subjectifs de l’interaction entre les cultures et les identités, il s’agit pour nous d’identifier, de reconnaître et d’intégrer les inégalités structurelles, les tensions contemporaines et le « nano-racisme » (Mbembe, 2016), c’est-à-dire celui qui se manifeste au quotidien à travers des interactions sociales. En d’autres mots, au-delà d’une approche interculturelle subjectiviste et interactionniste, nous proposons essentiellement de considérer de façon systémique le racisme pour promouvoir une approche interculturelle critique

Note sur la traduction: En 1831, la militante et conférencière afro-américaine Maria Stewart publie le pamphlet « Religion and the Pure Principles of Morality » dans le journal abolitionniste The Liberator. Elle y promeut l’autodétermination et le droit à l’éducation des personnes afro-américaines. Ses idées féministes et abolitionnistes ne font aucun doute : elle invite sa communauté à se lever et à lutter pour sa dignité. Fervente chrétienne, Stewart intègre également dans son texte une série de références à l’Ancien Testament. De nombreuses recherches conjointes dans la Bible du Roi Jacques (aussi appelée King James Version [1611]) et dans la traduction de Louis Segond (1880) ont ici été menées afin de restituer au mieux ces emprunts. De plus, outre une occurrence du terme « homme », employé au début du texte comme synonyme d’« humain » afin d’en illustrer le caractère exclusif, nous avons fait le choix de l’écriture inclusive. Bien que volontairement anachronique, ce choix permet de souligner les intentions féministes de Stewart et son engagement pour celles qu’elle nommait « les filles d’Afrique »

En 1893, la journaliste afroaméricaine Ida B. Wells fait paraître un volume intitulé The Reason Why the Colored American is not in the World’s Columbian Exposition, autopublié par l’autrice et agrémenté d’une introduction de la main du militant antiesclavagiste Frederick Douglas, ainsi que d’un chapitre conclusif rédigé par F. L. Barnett. Après avoir commenté la constitution des Noirs comme une classe dominée, et relevé la manière dont l’esclavage s’est renouvelé après la guerre civile américaine à travers le travail forcé des prisonniers, Wells s’attaque à la question de la justice populaire raciste des lynchages avec « La loi de Lynch ».

In light of global environmental crises and the need for sustainable development, the fields of public health and environmental sciences have become increasingly interrelated. Both fields require interdisciplinary thinking and global solutions, which is largely directed by scientific progress documented in peer-reviewed journals. Journal editors play a critical role in coordinating and shaping what is accepted as scientific knowledge. Previous research has demonstrated a lack of diversity in the gender and geographic representation of editors across scientific disciplines. This study aimed to explore the diversity of journal editorial boards publishing in environmental science and public health. The Clarivate Journal Citation Reports database was used to identify journals classified as Public, Environmental, and Occupational (PEO) Health, Environmental Studies, or Environmental Sciences. Current EB members were identified from each journal’s publicly available website between 1 March and 31 May 2021. Individuals’ names, editorial board roles, institutional affiliations, geographic locations (city, country), and inferred gender were collected. Binomial 95% confidence intervals were calculated for the proportions of interest. Pearson correlations with false discovery rate adjustment were used to assess the correlation between journal-based indicators and editorial board characteristics. Linear regression and logistic regression models were fitted to further assess the relationship between gender presence, low- and middle-income country (LMIC) presence and several journal and editor-based indicators. After identifying 628 unique journals and excluding discontinued or unavailable journals, 615 journal editorial boards were included. In-depth analysis was conducted on 591 journals with complete gender and geographic data for their 27,772 editors. Overall, the majority of editors were men (65.9%), followed by women (32.9%) and non-binary/other gender minorities (0.05%). 75.5% journal editorial boards (n = 446) were composed of a majority of men (>55% men), whilst only 13.2% (n = 78) demonstrated gender parity (between 45–55% women/gender minorities). Journals categorized as PEO Health had the most gender diversity. Furthermore, 84% of editors (n = 23,280) were based in high-income countries and only 2.5% of journals (n = 15) demonstrated economic parity in their editorial boards (between 45–55% editors from LMICs). Geographically, the majority of editors’ institutions were based in the United Nations (UN) Western Europe and Other region (76.9%), with 35.2% of editors (n = 9,761) coming solely from the United States and 8.6% (n = 2,373) solely from the United Kingdom. None of the editors-in-chief and only 27 editors in total were women based in low-income countries. Through the examination of journal editorial boards, this study exposes the glaring lack of diversity in editorial boards in environmental science and public health, explores the power dynamics affecting the creation and dissemination of knowledge, and proposes concrete actions to remedy these structural inequities in order to inform more equitable, just and impactful knowledge creation.

Two decades ago, Tarana Burke started using the phrase ‘me too’ to release victims of sexual abuse and rape from their shame and to empower girls from minority communities. In 2017, actress Alyssa Milano made the hashtag #MeToo go viral. This article’s concern is with the role of testimonial practices in the context of sexual violence. While many feminists have claimed that the word of those who claim to being sexually violated by others (should) have political and/or epistemic priority, others have failed to recognize the harm and injury of instances of sexual violence that are not yet acknowledged as such and failed to listen to victims from marginalized social groups. In fact, some feminists have attacked #MeToo for mingling accounts of ‘proper’ sexual violence and accounts that are not ‘proper’ experiences of sexual violence. My aim in this article is to show why this critique is problematic and find a philosophically fruitful way to understand the #MeToo-movement as a movement that strives for moral and conceptual progress.

The settler state's taking of Indigenous children into care disrupts their communities and continues destructive, assimilationist policies. This article presents the perceptions of lawyers, social workers and judges of how Indigenous parents experience child welfare in Quebec. Our participants characterized those experiences negatively. Barriers of language and culture as well as mistrust impede meaningful participation. Parents experience epistemic injustice, wronged in their capacity as knowers. Mistrust also hampers efforts to include Indigenous workers in the system. Emphasizing state workers’ ignorance of Indigenous family practices and the harms of settler colonialism, participants called for greater training. But critical literature on professional education signals the limits of such training to change institutions. Our findings reinforce the jurisdictional calls away from improving the system towards empowering Indigenous peoples to run services of child welfare. The patterns detected and theoretical resources used are relevant to researchers of other institutions that interact with vulnerable populations.

Muzion a été parmi les tout premiers groupes de rap québécois à faire résonner une parole locale distinctive. Il le faisait dans un français mâtiné d’anglais et de créole haïtien, multipliant les registres et faisant des emprunts à encore d’autres langues. Cet article se penche sur les chansons du premier album du groupe, Mentalité moune morne, à partir de son hétérolinguisme et des questions d’appartenance que celui-ci soulève. Il examine la manière dont Muzion entrelace les langues, mais aussi les interpellations, défaisant l’association entre langue et identité. Le groupe s’adresse ainsi à la fois à une communauté immigrante locale (d’abord haïtienne, mais également pluriethnique et racisée) qu’il québécise, et à une communauté québécoise élargie qu’il pluralise. Le rap permet en outre à ses membres de faire entendre leurs voix individuelles distinctes, notamment grâce à des usages différenciés de la palette plurilingue du groupe. Ce faisant, ce sont les notions même d’appartenance et de communauté que Muzion se trouve à refaçonner, à l’encontre de toute forme d’homogénéisation, de figement ou de stéréotype.

Organisé par l’Observatoire interdisciplinaire de création et de recherche en musique et le Centre des musiciens du monde, le colloque Femmes musiciennes du monde visait à explorer les parcours professionnels de musiciennes migrantes. Des conférences et tables rondes ont fait intervenir des chercheuses en sociologie, anthropologie, musicologie et ethnomusicologie ainsi que des musiciennes ayant immigré à Montréal. De la combinaison de ces savoirs scientifique et expérientiel s’est dégagée une série de difficultés et défis récurrents pour les femmes en musique : invisibilisation du travail, différenciations et discriminations genrées dans un milieu majoritairement masculin, enjeux liés au corps féminin ainsi qu’à la mobilité géographique. Or, il s’est aussi affirmé des spécificités d’expériences, de profils et de stratégies selon les parcours migratoires. Cette note de terrain synthétise les principaux constats, mais aussi les limites des discussions de ce colloque avant d’identifier quelques-uns des nombreux efforts qu’il reste à déployer pour mieux comprendre les réalités de telles artistes.

Everyone, not just marginalized groups, must fight racism and oppression. Members of privileged groups must learn to be allies. Toronto’s Hospital for Sick Children developed a series of workshops to teach them how.Summary Oppression and racism are pervasive in the health care environment and directly impact patients, physicians, and other health care practitioners. Fostering and promoting allyship skills can increase inclusion in health care and advance systemic change. The Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto developed a foundational allyship workshop to increase awareness and understanding of interpersonal, systemic, and institutional oppression and discrimination in the large pediatric academic center. The workshop emphasizes individual accountability and how to speak up and act against oppression through critical allyship. The authors report promising results around the engagement and desire to practice allyship amongst health care providers.

Mi lesbianismo es la avenida que me ha permitido comprender mejor el silencio y la opresión, y sigue siendo el más claro recordatorio de que no somos seres humanos libres. Moraga 1988, 21 Ce numéro, intitulé Littératures lesbiennes et frontière dans les Amériques (1980-2020), propose de réfléchir à la délimitation d’un champ du savoir – les littératures lesbiennes – depuis lequel repenser la frontière dans les Amériques comme espace de re-signification de la dichotomie inside/outside qui est ...

In this article we examine the future of human rights by looking at how ‘authoritarianism’, in its multifaceted forms and manifestations, intersects with existing discourses on climate change, environmental protection, populism and ‘gender deviance’. By adopting an intersectional lens, we interrogate the emergence of the right to a healthy environment and reflect on whether it will help against the double challenge faced by human rights: of climate breakdown and rising authoritarianism. We study the link between authoritarianism and populism, focusing on far-right populism and the creeping authoritarian features that we can associate with far-right groups, both movements and parties. We also consider how certain understandings of nature and the environment are put forward by authoritarian regimes. This leads us to consider so-called ‘ecologism’ and the ways in which far-right movements draw upon green thought on the natural environment to further a gendered agenda based on conceptions of nature as a ‘national treasure’. These conceptions, as we demonstrate, go hand in hand with policies that promote national identity and directly undermine the rights of migrants, ethnic minorities, women and LGBT+ groups. © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

Alors qu’on associe généralement la peur à des réflexes tels que la fuite, l’inhibition ou la démobilisation lorsqu’il est question de militantisme, cet article examine comment cette émotion peut parfois stimuler l’engagement de militantes féministes. Située au croisement des approches « actionnistes » (Bernard, 2017) des émotions, de la sociologie des mouvements sociaux et de la sociologie féministe, la discussion proposée s’inspire de 87 entretiens semi-dirigés réalisés entre 2006 et 2015 à travers le Québec, et d’une comparaison entre les milieux féministes suisses romands et québécois grâce aux 31 entretiens réalisés en 2018 et 2019 dans ces deux régions. En tenant compte des niveaux macro, méso et micro de l’analyse, l’article interroge les effets contrastés de la peur sur l’engagement féministe selon le positionnement des actrices dans les rapports sociaux de race, de classe et de sexualité, mais aussi selon les origines de la peur (intra ou extra mouvement), son degré d’intensité, ses interactions avec d’autres émotions (dont la colère) et le travail émotionnel (Hochschild, 2012) des féministes interrogées. L’article brosse ainsi un portrait des causes de la peur chez les féministes pour ensuite analyser les séquences émotionnelles les plus récurrentes en vue de mettre en relief diverses combinaisons émotionnelles et leurs effets sur l’engagement des féministes.

A intersecção de gênero, raça e classe marca os territórios de exclusão social, especialmente em um país que carrega cicatrizes da colonialidade patriarcal e capitalista em suas estruturas, como é o caso do Brasil. O objetivo deste trabalho é compreender o cuidado em um desses territórios: a cidade de Cubatão/SP. A investigação, feita entre 2017 e 2020, incluiu a pandemia da covid-19, que sobrecarregou o cuidado no território. O método foi a pesquisa qualitativa, com oficinas, observação participante e entrevistas de profundidade. O cuidado era majoritariamente oferecido por mulheres, líderes comunitárias e profissionais da atenção primária do Sistema Único de Saúde. Para analisar os dados, utilizou-se a hermenêutica de profundidade. O referencial teórico foi a costura das teorias feministas da ética do cuidado, ecofeministas e interseccionais. A pesquisa revelou diversos desafios e potencialidades, como o cuidado ético-político, eixo da busca por justiça socioambiental. , Abstract The intersection of gender, race and class marks the territories of social exclusion, especially in a country that carries scars of a patriarchal and capitalist colonialism in its structures, as is the case in Brazil. The objective was to understand care in this territory of exclusion in Cubatão, São Paulo, Brazil. The research, conducted between 2017 and 2020, included the pandemic of COVID-19, which overloaded care in this territory. The method was qualitative research, with workshops, participant observation and in-depth interviews. The care delivered by community leaders and primary health care professionals from the Brazilian National Health System was mostly performed by women. For data analysis, depth hermeneutics was used. The theoretical reference was the perspective of feminists: ecofeminist, intersectional and Care Ethics. The study showed several challenges and the ethical-political care as an axis in the search for social and environmental justice.

Analysing the pandemic through a feminist political economy lens makes clear how gender, race, and class structures are crucial to the functioning of capitalism and to understanding the impacts of the pandemic. The way capital organises production and reproduction combines with structures of oppression, generating vulnerability among the racialised and gendered populations worst impacted by Covid-19. Using global data, this commentary shows that during the pandemic, women experienced relatively greater employment losses, were more likely to work in essential jobs, and experienced a greater reduction in income. Women were also doing more reproductive labour than men and were more likely to drop out of the labour force because of it. Analyses of capitalism in feminist political economy illustrate how capital accumulation depends on women's oppression in multiple, fundamental ways having to do with their paid and unpaid work. Women's work, and by extension their health, is the foundation upon which both production and social reproduction rely. Recognising the pandemic as endogenous to capitalism heightens the contradiction between a world shaped by the profit motive and the domestic and global requirements of public health.

Dans cet article fondateur, K. Crenshaw introduit le concept d’« intersectionnalité », pour penser le caractère composé des effets de subordination liés à des facteurs comme la race, le genre, l’âge, la sexualité, etc. Elle analyse d’abord trois affaires juridiques qui ont traité des questions de discrimination raciale et sexuelle pour montrer les limites des « analyses à enjeu unique » : DeGraffenreid v. General Motors, Moore v. Hughes Helicopter, Inc. et Payne v. Travenol. Dans aucune de ces affaires, les tribunaux n’ont permis aux plaignantes d’alléguer une discrimination fondée à la fois sur la race et le sexe. K. Crenshaw montre qu’il faut penser l’intersectionnalité des discriminations pour saisir et corriger la situation particulière des femmes noires. Dans un second temps, elle élargit la réflexion vers le cadre sociopolitique et suggère que la condition des femmes noires doit être mieux prise en compte tant par les mouvements féministes que par les mouvements anti-racistes.

Cet article examine l’histoire de vie de sept immigrants ou immigrantes LGBTQ, originaires du Nord et du Sud global, qui habitent à Montréal. Les recherches sur l’immigration ont longtemps été réalisées selon un cadrage hétéronormatif, ce qui met à l’écart toute une série de questions relatives à l’impact de l’orientation sexuelle et de l’identité de genre non normative sur l’expérience migratoire. Les sociétés imposent des contraintes distinctes vis-à-vis des personnes LGBTQ. Une fois installées dans la société d’accueil, ces sujets peuvent expérimenter plus de possibilités sur le plan sexuel ; néanmoins leur origine peut devenir un marqueur qui les place à l’intérieur d’un rapport de pouvoir avec le groupe majoritaire. Notre article vise à mettre en lumière la manière dont les immigrants LGBTQ construisent leurs histoires de vie dans un contexte où leur vécu est traversé par l’imbrication de plusieurs aspects identitaires comme l’orientation sexuelle, l’identité de genre, l’ethnicité et la religion, pour n’en nommer que quelques-uns. L’approche intersectionnelle rend possible l’identification des systèmes de pouvoirs contraignants auxquels les participants font face quotidiennement. L’analyse thématique nous a permis d’être à l’écoute des individus afin de connaître les catégories de pouvoir et les systèmes d’oppression dont ils parlent — le but étant de positionner les répondants comme des sujets connaissants, et non de simples objets d’étude. L’analyse des entrevues montre que les individus LGBTQ qui expriment une combinaison variée d’identités affrontent des défis spécifiques liés au parcours migratoire.

We utilized the emotional labor triangle to understand how 16 Black women students who attended Historically white colleges and universities (HWCUs) navigated gendered-racialized oppressive environments that mattered to their academic success. This study contributes to a gap in the literature, as much of the research focused on students of color without disaggregating for gender or other social identities. In addition, the literature is scant on experiences of Black women students use of emotional labor. Emotional labor has largely been studied from a management perspective. Through qualitative semi-structured interviews, we examined the emotional labor Black women expended while pursuing their undergraduate degree. We employed a qualitative, intersectional, methodological approach to foreground historically marginalized voices and situated the study in the hypervisibility Black women participants described feeling as space invaders on their historically White undergraduate campus and at the same time the invisibleness of their voice and masking of their feelings as they encountered gendered racism. Further, we emphasized the emotional toll and stress that may occur for Black women when they do not utilize engaged coping mechanisms while expending their emotional labor. The study holds implications for educators to address emotional labor inequities within HWCUs. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) © 2019 National Association of Diversity Officers in Higher Education

Discrimination has historically contributed to coercive contraceptive in the United States. We investigated associations between perceived discrimination, or the perception of unequal treatment in everyday life, and contraceptive method use among U.S. women. We analyzed population-based data from a 2013 study of U.S. women who were premenopausal, age 18–50, sexually active with a male partner in the last year and were not attempting pregnancy. Perceived discrimination was measured using the Everyday Discrimination Scale. Contraceptive method use was categorized into five method categories: permanent, highly effective reversible, moderately effective, barrier and no method. We analyzed relationships between perceived discrimination and contraceptive method use with several regression models, controlling for covariates. Among 539 women in our analytic sample, those with high perceived discrimination had lower incomes, less educational attainment and were less likely to be insured. Perceived discrimination was associated with a reduced odds of using any contraceptive method (aOR 0.43, CI 0.21–0.87, p < .001). Contraceptive method users with high perceived discrimination had an increased odds of using highly effective reversible methods versus moderately effective methods (aOR 5.28, CI 1.63–17.07 p = < .001). Women who perceived discrimination were at risk for contraceptive nonuse; however, among contraceptive users, perceived discrimination was associated with the use of more effective reversible methods.

In low-income and middle-income countries, such as those in sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America, the COVID-19 pandemic has had substantial implications for women’s wellbeing. Policy responses to the COVID-19 pandemic have highlighted the gendered aspect of pandemics; however, addressing the gendered implications of the COVID-19 pandemic comprehensively and effectively requires a planetary health perspective that embraces systems thinking to inequalities. This Viewpoint is based on collective reflections from research done by the authors on COVID-19 responses by international and regional organisations, and national governments, in Latin America and sub-Saharan Africa between June, 2020, and June, 2021. A range of international and regional actors have made important policy recommendations to address the gendered implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on women’s health and wellbeing since the start of the pandemic. However, national-level policy responses to the COVID-19 pandemic have been partial and inconsistent with regards to gender in both sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America, largely failing to recognise the multiple drivers of gendered health inequalities. This Viewpoint proposes that addressing the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on women in low-income and middle-income countries should adopt a systems thinking approach and be informed by the question of who is affected as opposed to who is infected. In adopting the systems thinking approach, responses will be more able to recognise and address the direct gendered effects of the pandemic and those that emerge indirectly through a combination of long-standing structural inequalities and gendered responses to the pandemic.