Votre recherche

Note sur la traduction: En 1831, la militante et conférencière afro-américaine Maria Stewart publie le pamphlet « Religion and the Pure Principles of Morality » dans le journal abolitionniste The Liberator. Elle y promeut l’autodétermination et le droit à l’éducation des personnes afro-américaines. Ses idées féministes et abolitionnistes ne font aucun doute : elle invite sa communauté à se lever et à lutter pour sa dignité. Fervente chrétienne, Stewart intègre également dans son texte une série de références à l’Ancien Testament. De nombreuses recherches conjointes dans la Bible du Roi Jacques (aussi appelée King James Version [1611]) et dans la traduction de Louis Segond (1880) ont ici été menées afin de restituer au mieux ces emprunts. De plus, outre une occurrence du terme « homme », employé au début du texte comme synonyme d’« humain » afin d’en illustrer le caractère exclusif, nous avons fait le choix de l’écriture inclusive. Bien que volontairement anachronique, ce choix permet de souligner les intentions féministes de Stewart et son engagement pour celles qu’elle nommait « les filles d’Afrique »

En 1893, la journaliste afroaméricaine Ida B. Wells fait paraître un volume intitulé The Reason Why the Colored American is not in the World’s Columbian Exposition, autopublié par l’autrice et agrémenté d’une introduction de la main du militant antiesclavagiste Frederick Douglas, ainsi que d’un chapitre conclusif rédigé par F. L. Barnett. Après avoir commenté la constitution des Noirs comme une classe dominée, et relevé la manière dont l’esclavage s’est renouvelé après la guerre civile américaine à travers le travail forcé des prisonniers, Wells s’attaque à la question de la justice populaire raciste des lynchages avec « La loi de Lynch ».

"We forget that racist violence permeated the lower Midwest from the pre-Civil War period until the 1930s. From Kansas to Ohio, whites orchestrated extraordinary events like lynchings and riots while engaged in a spectrum of brutal acts made all the more horrific by being routine. Also forgotten is the fact African Americans forcefully responded to these assertions of white supremacy through armed resistance, the creation of press outlets and civil rights organizations, and courageous individual activism. Drawing on cutting-edge methodology and a wealth of documentary evidence, Brent M.S. Campney analyzes the institutionalized white efforts to assert and maintain dominance over African Americans. Though rooted in the past, white violence evolved into a fundamentally modern phenomenon, driven by technologies such as newspapers, photographs, automobiles, and telephones. Other surprising insights challenge our assumptions about sundown towns, who was targeted by whites, law enforcement's role in facilitating and perpetrating violence, and the details of African American resistance."--Publisher's description.

Dans cette collection d'essais Ta-Nehisi Coates fait retentir les échos tragiques du passé colonialiste américain, dans les événements actuels : l'élection sans précédent de Barack Obama, suivie d'un contrecoup haineux et de l'élection de Donald Trump. Il examine aussi le temps présent à la lumière d'évènements historiques comme la guerre de Sécession, ou de programmes politiques comme l'incarcération de masse, qui ont profondément marqué la société américaine. Contenu : Introduction. Du bon gouvernement noir -- I. Notes de la première année « Voici comment nous avons perdu face à l'homme blanc » -- II. Notes de la deuxième année Une jeune Américaine -- III. Notes de la troisième année Pourquoi est-ce que si peu de Noirs étudient la guerre de Sécession ? -- IV. Notes de la quatrième année L'héritage de Malcolm X -- V. Notes de la cinquième année La peur d'un président noir -- VI. Notes de la sixième année Comme un Français -- VII. Notes de la septième année La famille noire à l'âge de l'incarcération de masse -- VIII. Notes de la huitième année Mon président était noir -- Épilogue Le premier président blanc.

The first book by Anna J. Cooper, A Voice From the South, presents strong ideals supporting racial and gender equality as well as economic progress. It’s a forward-thinking narrative that highlights many disparities hindering the African American community. Anna J. Cooper was an accomplished educator who used her influence to encourage and elevate African Americans. With A Voice From the South, she delivers a poignant analysis of the country’s affairs as they relate to Black people, specifically Black women. She stresses the importance of education, which she sees as a great equalizer. Cooper considers it a necessary investment in not only the individual but the community. She also criticizes the depictions of African Americans in literature by some of the day’s most popular authors. She calls for more realistic portrayals that are both honest yet positive. Cooper provides an unflinching critique of mainstream America as it relates to the Black population. A Voice From the South broaches pivotal topics such as women’s rights, segregation and the need for higher education. With an eye-catching new cover, and professionally typeset manuscript, this edition of A Voice From the South is both modern and readable.

Dans le dernier tiers du XIXe siècle, l’anthropologie biologique, et a fortiori, l’anthropométrie, se consacre en France comme une démarche scientifique que la standardisation des méthodes et des instruments doit garantir. Reposant sur un naturalisme direct, elle se présente comme une entreprise d’objectivation et de hiérarchisation des différences, principalement raciales. Dans cet article, il s’agit d’étudier comment, dans ce corpus anthropologique (notamment dans les travaux de la Société d’Anthropologie de Paris) la différence sexuelle, qui pouvait troubler les classifications raciales, va être redéfinie comme une différence variable selon les races, au risque de saper les fondements naturalistes sur lesquels repose cette différence des sexes.

«Les chapitres qui suivent mettent en lumière tant la parole des femmes que le discours sur les femmes, les actions et les représentations. Ils explorent la réalité quotidienne de femmes ordinaires du XIXe, jeunes et moins jeunes, mariées et célibataires, blanches et noires, au Nord comme au Sud, qui sont restées silencieuses, souvent dans l’ombre d’un mari, d’un père ou d’un maître. Leurs témoignages, les mots qu’elles ont laissés dans les sources publiques et privées, les gestes qu’elles ont posés aussi bien dans le cadre de leurs relations affectives qu’au sein de leur exploitation familiale, leur réseau social, leur travail, leur église, leur communauté urbaine ou villageoise, leur région, sont autant d’indices à décoder pour dresser un portrait nuancé et documenter la condition des femmes aux États-Unis dans toute sa diversité sociale et culturelle.»

The inequalities that persist in America have deep historical roots. Evelyn Nakano Glenn untangles this complex history in a unique comparative regional study from the end of Reconstruction to the eve of World War II. During this era the country experienced enormous social and economic changes with the abolition of slavery, rapid territorial expansion, and massive immigration, and struggled over the meaning of free labor and the essence of citizenship as people who previously had been excluded sought the promise of economic freedom and full political rights.After a lucid overview of the concepts of the free worker and the independent citizen at the national level, Glenn vividly details how race and gender issues framed the struggle over labor and citizenship rights at the local level between blacks and whites in the South, Mexicans and Anglos in the Southwest, and Asians and haoles (the white planter class) in Hawaii. She illuminates the complex interplay of local and national forces in American society and provides a dynamic view of how labor and citizenship were defined, enforced, and contested in a formative era for white-nonwhite relations in America.

A landmark work when it appeared in 1976, America's Working Women helped form the field of women's studies and transform labor history. Now the authors have enlarged the dimensions of this important anthology; more than half the selections and all the introductory material are new. Spanning the years from 1600 to the present, selections from diaries, popular magazines, historical works, oral histories, letters, songs, poetry, and fiction show women's creativity in supporting themselves, their families, and organizations or associations. Slave women recall their field work, family work, and sabotage. We see Indian women farming, and we also see the white culture coercing Indian women to give up farming. We see women in industry playing a central part in the union movement while facing the particular hazards of women's jobs and working conditions. New selections show the historical origins of today's important issues: sexual harassment, equal pay, "sex work," work in the underground economy, work in the home, and shift work. With an expanded focus on women from all racial and ethnic backgrounds and regions, America's Working Women grounds us in the battles women have fought and the ones they are in the process of winning.

In this richly detailed and imaginatively researched study, Victoria Bynum investigates "unruly" women in central North Carolina before and during the Civil War. Analyzing the complex and interrelated impact of gender, race, class, and region on the lives of black and white women, she shows how their diverse experiences and behavior reflected and influenced the changing social order and political economy of the state and region. Her work expands our knowledge of black and white women by studying them outside the plantation setting.Bynum searched local and state court records, public documents, and manuscript collections to locate and document the lives of these otherwise ordinary, obscure women. Some appeared in court as abused, sometimes abusive, wives, as victims and sometimes perpetrators of violent assaults, or as participants in illicit, interracial relationships. During the Civil War, women frequently were cited for theft, trespassing, or rioting, usually in an effort to gain goods made scarce by war. Some women were charged with harboring evaders or deserters of the Confederacy, an act that reflected their conviction that the Confederacy was destroying them.These politically powerless unruly women threatened to disrupt the underlying social structure of the Old South, which depended upon the services and cooperation of all women. Bynum examines the effects of women's social and sexual behavior on the dominant society and shows the ways in which power flowed between the private and public spheres. Whether wives or unmarried, enslaved or free, women were active agents of the society's ordering and dissolution.

In Joy and in Sorrow brings together some of the finest historians of the South in a sweeping exploration of the meaning of the family in this troubled region. In their vast canvas of the Victorian South, the authors explore the private lives of Senators, wealthy planters, and the belles of high society, along with the humblest slaves and sharecroppers, both white and black. Stretching from the height of the antebellum South's pride and power through the chaos of the Civil War and Reconstruction to the end of the century, these essays uncover hidden worlds of the Southern family, worlds of love and duty--and of incest, miscegenation, and insanity. Featuring an introduction by C. Vann Woodward, Pulitzer Prize-winning author of Mary Chesnut's Civil War, and a foreword by Anne Firor Scott, author of The Southern Lady, this work presents an outstanding array of historians: Eugene Genovese, Catherine Clinton, Elizabeth Fox-Genovese, Carol Bleser, Drew Faust, James Roark, Michael Johnson, Brenda Stevenson, Bertram Wyatt-Brown, Jacqueline Jones, Peter Bardaglio, and more. They probe the many facets of Southern domestic life, from the impact of the Civil War on a prominent Southern marriage to the struggles of postwar sharecropper families. One author turns the pages of nineteenth century cookbooks, exploring what they tell us about home life, housekeeping, and entertaining without slaves after the Civil War. Other essays portray the relationship between a Victorian father and his devoted son, as well as the private writings of a long-suffering Southern wife. In Joy and in Sorrow offers a fascinating look into the tangled reality of Southern life before, during, and after the Civil War. With this collection of essays, editor Carol Bleser provides a powerful new way of understanding this most self-consciously distinct region. In Joy and in Sorrow will appeal to everyone interested in marriage and the family, the problems of gender and slavery, as well as in the history of the South, old and new.