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Ethel Stark (1910-2012) was one of the most important conductors and concert violinists in Canada in the Twentieth century. This article highlights how an Austro-Canadian Jewish woman who lived outside the constraints of conventional domesticity, both navigated through and defied the ideals of the “Cult of True Womanhood” and spearheads a movement of feminism in music. I argue that Stark’s exposure to Jewish cultural traditions of social justice and womanhood in her childhood formed a critical dimension of her feminist activism later in her life, and in particular in the founding of The Montreal Women’s Symphony Orchestra (1940).

Dora Cojocaru is recognized as an outstanding representative of the Cluj school of composition, but also as a strong voice in Romanian musicology. While her musicological output includes books, studies, articles, radio programs, conference papers, master classes and scientific communication sessions, her most important contribution remains the book entitled Creația lui Gyӧrgy Ligeti în contextul stilistic al secolului XX [Gyӧrgy Ligeti's Work in the Stylistic Context of the Twentieth Century], which was the first book about Ligeti that appeared in the Romanian musicological landscape. Dora Cojocaru’s compositional portrait can be drawn by following the language characteristics and compositional devices used in the chamber cantata Dați-mi lampa lui Aladin [Give Me Aladdin's Lamp]. The composer’s work is characterised by a propensity for chamber music. The composer confesses that it is also a consequence of the fact that this genre comes with a plethora of expressive possibilities. In terms of the musical language used by the composer, its first characteristic is the concern to avoid repetition in expression and the variation of an already used musical material. This is strikingly evident in the chamber cantata Dați-mi lampa lui Aladin [Give Me Aladdin's Lamp]. Another peculiarity is the construction based on a developmental discourse, while a third characteristic is the frequent construction of the discourse based on an economy of means and on a musical material consisting of only a few notes. In the case of this cantata, it is essential to note the historical context, which is closely linked to the symbolic title suggesting the composer’s desperate desire to bring her brother back to life, although she is aware that this is only possible by magic. The composer’s choice of lyrics is derived from the fact that Trakl’s and Rilke’s texts allude to the theme of death, which is one of the frequent themes of late Expressionism, and are therefore pervaded by a tragic note, in tune with the composer’s musical intentions. If we follow the text-music relationship, we notice some extremely significant moments, in which music creates sonic images that are suggestive of the message of the text.

This paper presents an analysis of Annesley Black’s not thinking about the elephants (2018), for saxophone quartet and live electronics. Written for Montreal’s Quasar Saxophone Quartet, this work explores concepts of suppression and emergence through traditional musical dimensions such as melody, counterpoint, and form, but also through contemporary musical dimensions such as psychoacoustics (difference tones), theatrical elements, and live electronics. Black’s practice engages critically with the compositional process itself by formulating dialectic relationships between material and compositional strategies (both intuitive and systematic). This work encourages the listener to engage in a multidimensional listening experience where conceptual extremes become a catalyst for the building of narrative and tension.

Un article de la revue Circuit, diffusée par la plateforme Érudit.

Produced by Juro Kim Feliz under the Canadian Music Centre Library Residency, Nomadic Sound Worlds is a four-part blog/podcast series exploring Canadian contemporary music through the lens of present-day global migration. A collection of essays named Letters of Transit: Reflections on Exile, Identity, Language, and Loss (ed. André Aciman, 1999) informs and inspires this project, with trajectories branching out from related themes including mobility, displacement, loss, reconciliation of polarized truths, and invention of selves. In this regard, the series will feature selected immigrant Canadian composers whose musical worlds collide with various personal stories of immigration.

Women have been active as performers of instrumental music since the Medieval period, and yet their contributions are often overlooked. This dissertation examines the history of women’s orchestras outside the United States, and explores their development, as well as reasons for existing. Several factors regarding their development are taken into consideration, including time period, country, and culture in which the ensemble is present. The birth of the women’s orchestra is traced from the ospedali of the 18th century Venice to today. All-female ensembles from England, Canada, Cuba, and Afghanistan are profiled, as well as the Women’s Orchestra in Auschwitz. Two modern-day women’s orchestras – the Allegra Chamber Orchestra in Vancouver, British Columbia, and my recital orchestra at the University of Maryland – were surveyed in an attempt to learn more about the culture of women’s orchestras. This paper seeks to answer the questions “What is the culture of women's orchestras today, and should they continue to exist?”

This dissertation maps the interaction between jazz, identity, modernity and nation during the so-called "golden age" of jazz in Montreal (1925-1955). Drawing on the fields of musicology, women's studies (black feminist theory and feminist research methods in particular), critical dance studies, and cultural studies, this project provides a critical re-writing of the history of Montreal jazz, one which acknowledges various roles that racialized and ethnicized women played in the shaping of modern identities, pleasures and sounds in Quebec. Montreal's particular status as a "showtown" makes it a rich laboratory to study the collaborative creative relationships between jazz music and dance on the black variety stage in the first half of the twentieth century. I also map the specific parameters that articulate the discursive relationship between jazz and vice, in particular as these relate to the gendered and racialized embodiment of morality in interwar Quebec. Finally, this dissertation produces the first extensive biographical accounts and critical listening of several prominent Montreal-based female jazz artists, including pianists Vera Guilaroff and Ilene Bourne, all-girl groups such as The Spencer Sisters and the Montreal Melody Girls Orchestra, black women performers such as Tina Baines Brereton, Bernice Jordan Whims, Marie-Claire Germain, Mary Brown, Natalie Ramirez, as well as piano teacher Daisy Peterson Sweeney and dance teachers Ethel Bruneau and Olga Spencer Foderingham.

Radicada há mais de vinte anos na França e no Canadá, Bïa Krieger conquistou um público cativo nesses países, onde recebeu prêmios importantes, como o Grand Prix de l’Académie Charles Cros (França), Prix de l’Adisq (Canadá) e Félix du Meilleur Album Musiques du Monde (Canadá). Esta entrevista contempla o seu trabalho como versionista, com enfoque nas versões em francês para canções de Chico Buarque.

Diane Dufresne est l'une des plus célèbres voix de la chanson québécoise et figure parmi les artistes les plus importantes de notre époque. Sa virtuosité et sa créativité est reconnue tant au Québec qu'en Europe. À soixante-quatorze ans, elle poursuit activement sa carrière. Sa popularité est immense et, au fil des ans, elle a reçu de nombreuses distinctions. Cet ouvrage, élaboré en collaboration avec son époux, l'artiste sculpteur Richard Langevin, propose une rétrospective d'un parcours riche en événements et en succès. De Tiens-toé ben j'arrive! à Magie rose en passant par Les Violons du Roy, ce livre relate les grandes étapes de la vie professionnelle et personnelle de la chanteuse à partir de photos souvenirs et d'images inédites. Un véritable devoir de mémoire.

Suivant un minutieux choix d'extraits d'entrevues, de spectacles et de photos, puisés à même un colossal et riche fonds d'archives, Pauline Julien, intime et politique nous entraîne dans le sillage de cette femme résolument libre et engagée, figure emblématique de la chanson et d'une époque charnière de l'histoire du Québec.

Dans ces « fragments de correspondance amoureuse », on découvre Pauline Julien et Gérald Godin comme jamais on ne les avait vus, comme jamais plus on ne les verra. Lui, jeune loup puis loup mature, passionné, dévoué à la cause et amoureux. Elle, mère, chanteuse, absente souvent, incertaine et amoureuse. Elle que le doute assaille, toujours. Lui, de plus en plus sûr. C’est un magnifique tango qui se déroule sous nos yeux, on s’attire et se repousse dans le même paragraphe. Et c’est beau. Que c’est beau! La poésie qui les habite en permanence est suffisante pour rendre n’importe quel esprit jaloux, suffisante pour affadir n’importe quel amour. Pascale Galipeau, fille de Pauline Julien, a dû braver objections et réprimandes pour publier ces lettres. On ne peut que la remercier à genoux et lui baiser les mains de ne pas avoir cédé.

Carefully preserved in the archives of the Ursuline and Hôtel-Dieu Monasteries of Quebec are several manuscripts containing Canada’s first sacred works for female voices. The manuscripts contain dozens of intricate motets composed in the French Baroque style, a repository of music which has not been sung for hundreds of years. These motets form a neglected part of Canada’s musical heritage which is waiting to be unearthed and explored. Ursuline and Augustinian nuns arrived to the French territories of the New World to educate and evangelize young women. Singing formed a core element of their teaching and worship. For over one hundred years (1639-1760), church music provided a backbone to Canada’s vibrant musical culture. When the French territories were lost to Britain and Spain, musical culture shifted radically and the sacred French music simply faded into obscurity. An overview of the sweeping events of the French Baroque era includes discussion of France’s social conditions, the political and religious climate, the flowering of the arts and the exploration of the New World. In France, the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries were a time of great strife which heralded the massive social changes to come in the nineteenth century. France’s struggles directly impacted the colony of New France, including that of its religious institutions and music. This study traces the musical activities in the Ursuline community of New France as the nuns lived their mission on the frontier, teaching Aboriginal and colonial girls. The evolution of female emancipation stemming from religious evangelism is considered. Examination of a trove of 160 motets located in the female monasteries of Québec City reveals the high caliber of music practiced by the nuns. No interpretive editions for performance purposes exist. Newly transcribed works have been generated from the manuscripts, with period performance guidance for appropriate ornamentation and ensemble requirements. An in-depth discussion of New France Baroque vocal and choral musical styles is provided, with reference to historical records of how it was taught, as described in contemporaneous music treatises and many original documents specific to these religious female communities.

Ce mémoire explore la notion d’intermédialité autochtone au sein de l’oeuvre de Natasha Kanapé Fontaine. Les imbrications entre les médias seront notre point d’appui pour penser les questions de l’esthétique dans l’art autochtone actuel. Par le biais de la représentation d’un média dans un autre, nous aborderons ainsi la réactualisation des traditions orales telles que le conte, le mythe, le chant et le tambour au sein des productions de cette artiste. Notre parcours observera les structures intermédiales qui mettent en exergue la mémoire ainsi que les connaissances ancestrales. Les croisements entre l’identité et le territoire seront également discutés dans l’optique des représentations intermédiales. Ainsi, les phénomènes d’affirmation et de réactualisation des savoirs se déploient par l’utilisation de divers médias. De ce fait, la résistance environnementale et culturelle ainsi que la néo-oralité sous-tendent l’oeuvre de l’artiste et s’expriment à travers les territoires imaginaires et médiatiques.

The singer-songwriter Lhasa de Sela (1972-2010) launched her career and produced her three records in Montreal where she arrived in 1991. Not only did she change the face of migrant song in Quebec, but she also enjoyed international success, embarking on long world tours and selling more than a million records. This analysis will focus on the songs from her second album, The Living Road, and will show that Lhasa de Sela transcended linguistic and artistic frontiers by crossing the geographical border when she made Montreal her home and creative hub.